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A.M.
Costa Rica
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Published Tuesday, Aug. 16, 2016, in Vol. 17, No. 161
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San José, Costa Rica, Tuesday, Aug. 16, 2016, Vol. 17, No. 161
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Valley
rail service is still up in the air
By the A.M.
Costa Rica staff
Rail workers are cutting it close this morning and are considering a new labor agreement within an hour of the departure of the first valley train. The discontent among the engineers and other workers comes from a change in the companies providing the services. The nation’s rail institute has just been authorized to make direct contracts for 352 billion colons, about $647,000, for maintenance of the rights-of-way, mechanical work and other necessary services. The length of the contract is just 2.7 months, according to the Contraloría General de la República, which approved the agreements. There are three companies that will share in the money, but the firm Desmantelamiento de la Catenaria SAL is expected to assume the work of overseeing the rail staff. Rail employees complained over the weekend that they had no agreement with the new company, but a meeting is scheduled for 4 a.m. today at the Estación al Pacifico to iron out the details. That is just an hour before the first trains are scheduled to leave to pick up passengers. The rail agency, the Instituto Costarricense de Ferrocarriles, has been less than candid about the situation. Customers have posted questions about a possible strike to the firm’s Facebook page, but there was no response. Regulating agency seeks advice on Uber By the A.M.
Costa Rica staff
Pressured by taxi drivers, the nation’s regulatory agency will consult with the top government lawyers to see if it can block the Uber internet application. The Autoridad Reguladora de los Servicios Públicos noted it was supposed to meet with taxi drivers earlier but that a meeting had been rescheduled for this afternoon on the matter. The Unión de Taxistas Costarricenses is seeking to have the internet application blocked because this is a key part of Uber’s marketing strategy. The taxi drivers want to eliminate the competition. The regulador general, Roberto Jiménez, is almost certain to find that tampering with internet access is not something a government is able to do. In addition there are other court actions pending involving Uber that will restrict any government action. There are believed to be cases in the Sala IV constitutional court and in the Tribunal Contencioso Administrativo. Taxi drivers are threatening another blockade of the nation's roadway if they do not get their way. A blockade Tuesday pretty well shut down the country. But it also generated public anger with the taxi drivers. The government said that to provide transport service to the public, a firm must have approval from the Consejo de Transporte Público. But Uber has been operating for nearly a year without such permission. Those who use the Uber service are impressed by the quality, the courtesy and the prices. Our
reader’s opinion
Sex harassment campaign
mockedDear A.M. Costa Rica: Pass yet another law that says a man cannot be allowed to look at a woman unless she signs a legal document with a lawyer that is kept on file at the lawyer's office. The man, of course, would be the one that pays the lawyer bill for this service. Her granting permission to allow a man to gaze upon her lovely form (?) must be a matter of legal record. That should make the lawyer colegio in Costa Rica quite happy and go a long way towards achieving the zero population growth that the planet truly needs to bring a better balance in terms of resources every individual requires. Lesbians on the prowl would be exempt from this legal requirement, of course, as they are a core element of the new social order that is smiled upon by the new enlightened generation. Come to think of it, why not ban testosterone unless it is used for injections by manly girls, a growing practice I am told. Do the job right. James Harrison
El Paso, Texas Editor’s note; Mr. Harrison is responding to this news story.
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A.M. Costa Rica Third News Page |
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San José, Costa Rica, Tuesday, Aug. 16, 2016, Vol. 17, No. 161
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| Country's
famous bird expert began his career in botany |
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By Dennis Rogers
Special to A.M. Costa Rica Finca Los Cusingos, the home of the famed naturalist Alexander Skutch for more than 60 years, attracts wildlife lovers and those wanting to see a sample of the simpler life of past times in Costa Rica. Skutch died in 2004, just eight days short of his 100th birthday. He is buried near the main house along with his wife, Pamela Lankester of the family who founded what is now the Lankester botanical gardens belonging to the University of Costa Rica. His doctorate from Johns Hopkins University in 1928 was in botany but while working for a banana company as a researcher he developed an interest in birds. At that time tropical ornithology had not progressed much beyond collection of museum specimens, and Skutch’s contributions made by field observation of life histories were unprecedented. He ultimately published more than 30 books and dozens of scientific papers. The book with the biggest impact at present was co-authored with Gary Stiles, “A Guide to the Birds of Costa Rica.” While the book’s heft makes it a bit hard to use in the field, the detail of habits, voice and nesting are unmistakable. Skutch’s background in botany makes the accounts of feeding habits of fruit-eating birds sometimes excruciatingly detailed. The reserve is near Rivas de Pérez Zeledón, which is close to San Isidro de El General about three to four hours from San José via the old highway to Panamá. The reserve is managed by the Centro Cientifico Tropical, the same organization that runs the Monteverde cloud forest reserve. Entrance fees are $10 with the usual discounts for residents and children. There is about a kilometer of graveled trail though forest on the property along with the accessible gardens. The house itself was ![]() A.M. Costa
Rica/Allison Roger
Skutch turned out his many books and articles on
this. |
![]() A.M. Costa
Rica/Allison Roger
This picture of Alexander Skutch his wife, Pamela
Lankester, is displayed prominently in the couple’s
home.restored after Skutch’s death but still sports the original structure and roof. On request, caretakers will open the house to show the antique contents like a wood cookstove and hundreds of books about birds and philosophy. Pre-Columbian ceramic pieces found by Skutch himself suggest archaeological significance, but this has not been explored. The manual typewriter that produced so much is there in the office. Skutch verged on poetry in some of his observations, like this segment from the 1973 book “Life of the Hummingbird:” "To me, a hummingbird was, and is, a fairylike bird, with a tiny body of slender grace, that hovers, miraculously suspended between two broad sectors of misty light, like the separated halves of a halo, giving forth now and then a bright glint of green from its back, and sending out a low, murmurous humming from those wings vibrated into an unsubstantial haze, while it probes the cool depth of some bright corolla with a long and delicately slender bill." |
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| What we published this week: | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Earlier |
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A.M. Costa Rica's Fourth News page |
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San José, Costa Rica, Tuesday, Aug. 16, 2016, Vol. 17, No. 161
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| Anti-inflammatory
drug reported to counter alzheimer's in mice |
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By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
A surprising discovery has been made in the treatment of alzheimer's disease. An anti-inflammatory drug used to treat menstrual pain completely reversed memory symptoms in mice with alzheimer's. The drug, called mefenamic acid, is a so-called non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to relieve menstrual cramps. In experiments with mice specially bred to have alzheimer's symptoms, the rodents predictably developed memory problems over time. Ten of the alzheimer's mice were treated for one month with mefenamic acid that was contained in tiny pumps implanted under their skin. Ten other mice with memory difficulties were injected with pumps of a placebo, or inactive substance. The rodents were placed in a maze to train them to get around the obstacles. In a Skype interview, Mike Daniels, who participated in the research at the University of Manchester in Britain, said "We tried to train the mice once they had alzheimer's disease. The alzheimer's mice are untrainable. They cannot learn that maze." But the results in the treated mice were stunning. |
"What was
just amazing is that this drug seemed to render the mice
completely normal,” Daniels said. “It's something we
haven't really seen before, but there needs to be a lot
more work done to really confirm whether this is real.” The findings were published in the journal Nature Communications. The research was led by David Brough of the University of Manchester. Whether the technique works in patients at all stages of alzheimer's, from people with mild cognitive impairment to those who are severely affected, is difficult to say, according to co-author Jack Rivers-Auty. "Maybe, if this was translated into the clinic, we would definitely want to put it into people at the early stages of the disease to try to slow the progress or stop the progress of the disease," said Rivers-Auty, "rather than taking the ambitious aim of taking someone who fully has Alzheimer's disease, has all the symptoms, incredible memory loss, incredible cognitive impairment, and trying to reverse those symptoms. That might be very difficult." Mefenamic acid already has been approved by regulators so, after further testing, it could reach the market relatively quickly as a treatment for alzheimer's disease. |
Here's reasonable
medical care
Costa Rica's world class medical specialists are at your command. Get the top care for much less than U.S. prices. It is really a great way to spend a vacation. See our list of recommended professionals HERE!amcr-prom
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| What we published this week: | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Earlier |
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A.M. Costa Rica's Fifth news page |
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San José, Costa Rica, Tuesday, Aug. 16, 2016, Vol. 17, No. 161
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being relocated to Mideast By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
U.S. officials said on Monday 15 inmates from the Guantanamo Bay prison were transferred to the United Arab Emirates, the single largest transfer of Guantanamo detainees during President Barack Obama's administration. The transfer of the 12 Yemeni and three Afghan citizens brings the total number of detainees down to 61 at the U.S. naval base in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Most have been held without charge or trial for more than a decade, drawing international condemnation. Obama, who had hoped to close the prison during his first year in office, rolled out his plan in February aimed at shutting the facility. But he faces opposition from many Republican lawmakers as well as some fellow Democrats. While Obama's plan for shutting the facility calls for bringing the several dozen remaining prisoners to maximum-security prisons in the United States, U.S. law bars such transfers to the mainland. Obama, though, has not ruled out doing so by executive action. "I think we are at an extremely dangerous point where there is a significant possibility this is going to remain open as a permanent offshore prison to hold people, practically until they die," said Naureen Shah, Amnesty International's U.S. director for security and human rights. Ms. Shah added that keeping Guantanamo open gave cover to foreign governments to ignore international human rights. "It weakens the U.S. government's hand in arguing against torture and indefinite detention," she said. One of the detainees who was transferred is an Afghan national, identified as Obaidullah, who has spent more than 13 years at Guantanamo. He had been accused of hiding and storing mines to be used against American forces in Afghanistan. "The continued operation of the detention facility weakens our national security by draining resources, damaging our relationships with key allies and partners, and emboldening violent extremists," Lee Wolosky, the State Department's special envoy for closing the Guantanamo detention center, said. "The support of our friends and allies, like the UAE, is critical to our achieving this shared goal," Wolosky said. A U.S. State Department official speaking on condition of anonymity said the United Arab Emirates had resettled five detainees transferred in November 2015. Obama tells Dems to avoid becoming too overconfident By the A.M. Costa Rica
wire services
Declaring he was tired of talking about Donald Trump, President Barack Obama urged Democrats on Monday not to grow too confident about their prospects in the 2016 election despite Hillary Clinton's strong position in the race for the White House. Obama, who is on a two-week vacation in Martha's Vineyard, an island off the coast of Massachusetts, took a short break from his relaxation time to raise money for Mrs. Clinton, the Democratic presidential nominee he hopes will succeed him when he leaves office in January. Mrs. Clinton leads Trump in opinion polls, and the Republican nominee's campaign has suffered following remarks he made denigrating the parents of a fallen Muslim American soldier and charging that Obama was the founder of the Islamic State militant group. The president warned his party, however, to maintain a sense of urgency until the Nov. 8 election. "If we are not running scared until the day after the election, we are going to be making a grave mistake," Obama told some 60 donors who contributed $10,000 each to attend the fundraiser at a private home on the island. "If we do our job, then Hillary will be elected president of the United States. But if we do not do our jobs, then it's still possible for her to lose," he added. The remarks could foreshadow the president's role this fall in encouraging get-out-the-vote efforts for Mrs. Clinton, his former secretary of state. Obama has made clear his disdain for Trump, calling him unqualified for the White House. He told the donors he was tired of talking about Mrs. Clinton's rival. "I don't have to make the case against her opponent, because every time he talks he makes the case against his own candidacy," Obama said. The president is expected to campaign heavily for Mrs. Clinton in October. Trump calls for a close eye on would-be immigrants By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
Donald Trump Monday called for extreme vetting, including ideological screening, to make sure only people who share American values and respect the American people can emigrate to the United States. The Republican presidential candidate spelled out his immigration and foreign policies Monday to an appreciative crowd in Youngstown, Ohio who interrupted him several times with chants of "Trump, Trump, Trump." Trump said if he is elected, he will institute a new immigration policy that will be tough. Would be immigrants will go through extreme vetting to make sure the U.S. keeps out supporters of bigotry and hatred, and those who do not believe in the U.S. Constitution. Trump says he would temporarily suspend immigration from what he calls the world's most volatile and dangerous regions with a history of supporting terrorism. He said the immigration flow to the U.S. is currently too large to allow for adequate screening. If he becomes president, Trump said U.S. foreign policy would focus on wiping out the spread of radical Islam and said anyone who shares this goal would be a U.S. ally. Trump went down a lengthy list of terror attacks carried out by Islamic extremists in the U.S. and Europe. He promised to hold an international conference on how to fight what he describes as "the ideology of death that must be extinguished." He attacked both President Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton, as secretary of State, for showing what he says was bad judgement in Iraq, Syria, and Libya. He eased away from his controversial statement calling Obama the founder of Islamic State, to instead say that Obama's naive words and naive actions unleashed the terror group and without question, allowed it to flourish. Mrs. Clinton lacks the mental and physical stamina to take on Islamic State, Trump asserted, without saying exactly what he means. Shortly before Trump spoke, Mrs. Clinton and Vice President Joe Biden campaigned in Biden's hometown of Scranton, Pennsylvania, where they both questioned Trump's temperament, intellect, and qualifications for entering the White House. "No major party nominee in the history of the United States of America has known less or been less prepared to deal with our national security than Donald Trump," Biden said. Mrs. Clinton mocked Trump's insistence that the Republican candidate knows more about Islamic State and conditions on the ground in Iraq than American generals. "Whenever you hear Trump talk about foreign policy, picture him in the Situation Room making decisions for all of us." Mrs. Clinton later tweeted. N.Y. Times says slush fund lists Trump’s campaign chief By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
Donald Trump's campaign is again on the defensive, this time after a report detailed connections between Trump campaign manager Paul Manafort and Ukraine's pro-Russia ex-president. The report, published in The New York Times late Sunday, disclosed the existence of secret ledgers in Ukraine that show $12.7 million in cash designated for Manafort. Manafort worked for years as a consultant for President Viktor Yanukovych and his Party of Regions before the pro-Kremlin leader was ousted in 2014, amid accusations of corruption and economic mismanagement. Ukrainian investigators do not know whether Manafort received the payments laid out in the ledger, but believe they were part of an illegal off-the-books system, the Times reported. Manafort denied receiving cash disbursements for his work in Ukraine, saying in a statement obtained by MSNBC that the allegation is unfounded, silly and nonsensical. "I have never received a single off-the-books cash payment as falsely reported by The New York Times, nor have I ever worked for the governments of Ukraine or Russia," Manafort said. Manafort, who has worked for several controversial foreign leaders, acknowledged working as a campaign professional on overseas campaigns but said his work in Ukraine ended in 2014. The campaign of Trump's rival, Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton, has appeared eager to portray Manafort's background as evidence of Trump's pro-Russia ties. Late Sunday, Mrs. Clinton's campaign released a statement about what it said were "more troubling connections between Donald Trump's team and pro-Kremlin elements in Ukraine." "Donald Trump has a responsibility to disclose campaign chair Paul Manafort's and all other campaign employees' and advisers' ties to Russian or pro-Kremlin entities, including whether any of Trump's employees or advisers are currently representing and or being paid by them," it said. The statement, by the Clinton campaign chairman, Robby Mook, said it was particularly urgent to release this alleged information "given the pro-Putin policy stances adopted by Donald Trump and the recent Russian government hacking and disclosure of Democratic Party records." Trump's alleged Russia connections received more scrutiny in recent weeks, especially after the Democratic National Committee was the victim of a possible Russian cyber attack that some saw as an attempt to tilt the U.S. election in favor of Trump. The Republican presidential nominee has made several comments about Russia in recent months that have raised eyebrows. He praised the leadership qualities of Russian President Vladimir Putin, and said it was a great honor after Putin referred to him as bright and talented. More recently, Trump called on Russia to hack Mrs. Clinton's emails, a comment he later dismissed as a joke. Last month, Trump appeared to parrot the Kremlin's justification for the 2014 annexation of Crimea, saying many in the region wanted to be a part of the Russian state anyway. Trump has dismissed as a conspiracy the questions about his alleged Russia ties. GOP Asian experts rejecting Trump as the next president By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
U.S. Asia experts who served in past Republican administrations said on Monday they would back Hillary Clinton in the presidential race as a Donald Trump presidency would lead to ruinous marginalization for the United States in the region. In an open letter, the eight former senior officials said that with global strategic competition growing, including from China, it was "absolutely the wrong time to elect an unstable, ill-prepared amateur with no vision or foresight to meet the manifold challenges of the 21st century." They said the Republican nominee offered only bluster or preposterous panaceas for Asia that would "wreck our country's credibility, economy, and leadership in very short order." The signatories to the letter included Michael Green, who served as President George W. Bush's top Asia adviser at the White House, James Clad, a former deputy assistant secretary of Defense, and Patrick Cronin, a former senior official at the U.S. Agency for International Development. Should Trump get the chance to put his nostrums into practice, Asian countries would be forced to shift towards states challenging the United States, most notably China, and some might seek security through nuclear weapons, the former officials said. "In short, if the Trump brand . . . becomes America's brand, we can expect ruinous marginalization in Asia and unwanted compliance with rules which the Chinese and other challengers set," they said. Their letter was the latest repudiation of Trump's candidacy by Republican national security specialists. Last week, 50 former Republican national security officials, including a former CIA director, called Trump unqualified to lead and said he would be "the most reckless president in American history." Trump responded to that statement by deriding the signatories as members of the failed Washington elite who deserve the blame for making the world such a dangerous place. Trump has caused alarm in Asia and beyond by saying he would consider letting Japan and South Korea build their own nuclear weapons, rather than have them relying on the United States for protection against North Korea and China. While making U.S. allies anxious, Trump has also irritated Beijing with his comments, such as by comparing the U.S. trade deficit with China to rape. One Chinese state newspaper equated him to Hitler. At the same time, Beijing also sees Trump as a businessman with whom it could probably negotiate and may also hope he would be less tough on human rights than Mrs. Clinton. Milwaukee mayor imposes a curfew for city’s teenagers By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
City officials in the Midwestern U.S. city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, have imposed a 10 p.m. curfew for teenagers in the wake of two nights of rioting after a black man was killed by police Saturday. "Parents, after 10 o'clock, your teenagers better be home, or in a place where they're off the streets," Mayor Tom Barrett said at a news conference Monday. He also said that officials had spoken to the city attorney's office to be prepared in case they decide a more widespread curfew is needed. Barrett made the announcement as tensions remained high and police were out in force while the National Guard was on standby and ready to move in if necessary. The Milwaukee Police Department said that an 18-year-old man was shot during the protests Sunday, and an armored vehicle was used to take him to a hospital. But there was no repeat of the widespread destruction of property that occurred Saturday, when at least six businesses were torched and destroyed. Officers ordered people to disperse Sunday, and reported having rocks and other objects thrown at them, with four law enforcement personnel injured. The department also said 14 people were arrested. Similar protests erupted Saturday, after an officer shot a 23-year-old black man who police say pointed a gun at the officer. Police Chief Edward Flynn says 23-year-old Sylville Smith ran from a car after it was stopped for what authorities described as suspicious behavior. The chief said Smith ran for several meters, then pointed his weapon at the officer before the 24-year-old policeman, who is also black, fired his gun. Mayor Barrett said the officer was wearing a body camera during the altercation, and the video will be made public at the appropriate time. Barrett said a still image from the video "demonstrates, without question, that he had a gun in his hand. And I want our community to know that." Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker activated about 125 members of the state's National Guard and placed them on standby in case of further violence, but they were not called in to help Milwaukee police. Smith's sister, Kimberly Neal, said the family wants prosecutors to file charges against the officer. |
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| What we published this week: | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Earlier |
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this Web site are copyrighted by Consultantes Río
Colorado S.A. 2016 and may not be reproduced anywhere
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| A.M. Costa Rica sixth news page |
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San
José, Costa Rica, Tuesday, Aug.
16, 2016, Vol. 17, No. 161
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Sea urchins found
vulnerable to heat
By the Smithsonian Tropical
Research Institute news staff
The balmy waters of the Caribbean could turn into a deadly heat trap for countless tiny creatures. Authors of a new study conducted at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panamá discovered that microscopic sea urchin eggs and larvae may suffer stunting or death when the water temperature spikes just a couple of degrees above normal, adding to the impact of climate change in already warm tropical oceans. Sea urchins, pincushion-shaped relatives of the starfish, graze the sea floor from shallow coastal areas to deep ocean vents from pole to pole. Their young look nothing like them. Adults release millions of eggs and sperm into the water, which develop into pinprick-sized free-swimming larvae. Only a minute fraction will survive and metamorphose into adults. Scientists think the developmental stages from egg to larvae are extra sensitive to temperature changes, but very few studies compare the vulnerability of the offspring to that of the adults. "That's because they're tiny and generally inaccessible," said Rachel Collin, staff scientist and lead author of the new study, published in Ecology and Evolution in July. She and coauthor Kit Yu Karen Chan, now at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, collected and studied sea urchins from the lagoons around Bocas del Toro, Panamá, which normally experience temperatures around 27 to 29 degrees C. They exposed adults and offspring in various developmental stages to two hours of acute heat stress by placing them in water baths with temperatures ranging from 28 to 36 degrees C. Early stage larvae of one common species, the green sea urchin, Lytechinus variegatus, died at temperatures above 32 degrees C, while eggs and late stage larvae died closer to 34 degrees C. Adults survived up to almost 35 degrees C. Long-term exposure to temperatures above 30 degrees C reduced larval survival and growth, with all larvae dying when temperatures reached 32 degrees C. "We were surprised at how close these experimental temperatures were to what they already experience in the Caribbean," Ms. Collin said. Field-station recordings show that near one of the collection sites in Bocas del Toro, water temperatures exceeded 30 degrees C during the two warmest months of the year. Larvae may be less tolerant of such conditions than adults. Higher temperatures give shallow-water sea urchins few survival options: acclimate to their new normal or shift to cooler, deeper waters or higher latitudes. The microscopic larvae develop during a critically short period of days to weeks and drift according to the currents. |
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| From Page 7: Income tax treaty with Germany finalized By the A.M. Costa Rica staff Costa Rica and Germany have exchanged documents showing that each country has ratified an agreement to avoid double imposition of income tax. This is the last step in the diplomatic process. Double taxes results when one country does not recognize the money paid to a second country. Devising such an agreement is not controversial, but it can be a lengthy process. The two countries agreed initially Feb. 13, 2014. Legislative approval was required. The agreement will go into effect Jan. 1 along with provisions that allow each country to have tax information on individuals. |