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San
José, Costa Rica, Thursday, June 12, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 115
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U.S. expat dies in
crash on Pacific coast
By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
A United States citizen is dead after his car crashed off the Inter-American Highway in Piedras Blancas, Osa. Officers said they found Christian Phillip Austin, 37, early Wednesday morning inside the wrecked Toyota 4Runner. A press representative from the Judicial Investigating Organization confirmed that Austin's body was not protected by a seatbelt, although it remained inside the vehicle after the crash. Judicial investigators said that the man had lived in Quepos for several years. As of Wednesday evening, investigators and a U. S. Embassy spokesman said any further information was unknown. Women's group to host story teller By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
Professional story teller Michale Gabriel will share her techniques with the Professional Women's Group of the non-profit Women’s Club of Costa Rica June 21 at Tin Jo Restaurant at 9:30 a.m. The women's group said the topic will be marketing through story telling: tips and lessons learned in the fine art of communication. Ms. Gabriel, who now lives in Costa Rica, has extensive experience in the United States and internationally in helping others to communicate effectively. Her company is Story by Design. The group said that she will offer some practical guidance on identifying and developing personal story material, delivering with intentionality, power and impact and how to connect and build trust by listening for values Member's entrance fee to this presentation is 3,000 colons. Guests and non-members pay 4,000, the group said. There is optional coffee and cookies an additional 500 colons. Guests are welcome to become members, the group said. Reservations are required in advance online at: http://whoozin.com/W64-3PW-XPAE. more information is available via email to pwg.wccr@gmail.com or by visiting the Facebook page https://www.facebook.com/pwg.wccr Our reader's opinion
Traffic laws unenforced and meaninglessDear A.M. Costa Rica: A couple of comments I would like to make It appears that the motor vehicle laws in this beautiful country have absolutely no meaning, and no consequences. Hence the many deaths and accidents here. If motorists and cyclists, too were made to pay their fines, have their licenses suspended and their vehicle insurance doubled, there wouldn’t be no where’s near the amount of traffic accidents, deaths, and innocent people maimed for life. Also the courts would have all that extra money to help with the cost of running the government and enforcing these rules. Many, many of us from the States obey our traffic laws, not because we are so conscientious or so ready to obey the law. We all get the urge to drive faster then we should and make ridiculous maneuvers that are so dangerous to not only ourselves but to so many innocent people. We are extremely aware of the heavy fines that are imposed, points added to our drivers licenses, the cost of paying a much higher insurance premium and jail time. These are things we are not willing to compromise and certainly do not want to be punished. So most of us obey those traffic laws. There are many who don’t, and they either wind up in jail, pay very heavy fines that leave their family in dire need, kill themselves and others or lose their privilege to drive. Also want to say that the Hospital Calderón in San José has the most disgusting housekeeping I have ever run across in my life and the only place I have ever been in that believe it or not does not have any toilet paper in their bathrooms. It is grossly unsanitary. How do they ever expect patients to get well. I have been wanting to let someone know of these concerns for a very long time. Not that anything will be done about it. Government here is very strange and does not deal at all fairly with the problems facing them. They allow criminals to make the rules especially those who might have gotten a driving ticket. Judith
M. Hodge/Alvarado
San Joaquin de Flores Red meat, cancer linked in new study By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Eating red meat as an early adult could increase the risk of breast cancer, according to new research. Researchers from Harvard University analyzed data on over 88,000 premenopausal women aged 26 to 45 who are taking part in the Nurse’s Health Study II and completed a questionnaire on their eating habits in 1991. The Nurse’s Health study has been monitoring the health of female registered nurses since 1976. Red meat included unprocessed beef, pork, lamb and hamburger, and processed red meat included hot dogs, bacon and sausage. For the questionnaire, the nurses were asked to rate the frequency they ate red meat from among nine categories ranging from “never or less than once per month” to “six or more per day.” Taking into account factors like age, height, weight, family history and race, the researchers were able to identify 2,830 cases of breast cancer over 20 years. Using statistical modeling, the researchers say they were able to estimate breast cancer risks for women with different diets. They said that for each increase from among the nine options for red meat consumption, there was an increase in developing breast cancer. Researchers said a higher intake of red meat was associated with a 22 percent increase in risk of breast cancer. Each additional serving per day upped the risk by 13 percent. Substituting chicken for one serving of red meat per day actually reduced the risk of breast cancer by 17 percent, the study said. In concluding, the study’s authors said that eating a lot of red meat in early adulthood "may be a risk factor for breast cancer, and replacing red meat with a combination of legumes, poultry, nuts and fish may reduce the risk of breast cancer." They cautioned, however that further study of the relation between diet in early adulthood and cancer is needed. A diet high in red meat has long been linked to colon cancer and pancreatic cancer, but its relationship to breast cancer has been little understood. Not all were convinced by the study. “As several researchers who have analyzed this study have already pointed out, the totality of the available evidence indicates that red meat consumption has little or no effect on breast cancer risk,” said the American Meat Institute’s vice president for scientific affairs, Betsy Booren, in an emailed statement. “This study with extremely weak associations based on self-reported food intake doesn’t add much to our current knowledge on this complex condition. It is well known that the best steps women can take to reduce their breast cancer risk are maintaining a healthy weight, exercising, reducing alcohol consumption and not smoking.” Another expert said the study was not definitive. "The women who ate less red meat may have a healthier lifestyle, and that reduces their risk of cancer, Stephanie Bernik, chief of surgical oncology at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City told the Web site Healthday. “The increased risk tied to red meat might only stand in for other unhealthy behaviors," she said. "A healthy lifestyle can lower your risk of cancer in general." Mia Gaudet, director of genetic epidemiology at the American Cancer Society, said that eating red meat as an early adult could be connected to increased risk of developing breast cancer. "Breasts are still developing and are more susceptible to carcinogens before women have their first full-term pregnancy," she said. The American Cancer Society recommends people eat a plant-based diet. "It's important to have a healthy lifestyle throughout your life and not just as you get older and more worried about cancer," Ms. Gaudet said. "People should perhaps consider ordering a salad or a vegetarian option sometime."
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A.M. Costa Rica Third News Page |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Thursday, June 12, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 115 | |
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| Three fishing boats in Pacific yield 4.1 tons of cocaine,
officials say |
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By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
Coast Guard forces achieved a record by confiscating 4.1 metric tons of cocaine early Wednesday. Authorities said they found the drugs aboard three separate fishing boats along the Pacific coast and detained 11 men in all. Minister of Seguridad Pública Celso Gamboa said it's the largest seizure of cocaine in Costa Rican history. He also confirmed that local coast guard and drug control police again worked with U. S. Coast Guard units to carry out the triple boarding. They gave this account: The first boat, named "Capitán Panchana," was found off the southeast coast of Punta Burica on the Panamanian border with four men hauling 1,900 kilograms of cocaine. On the second stop, authorities found four more suspects on the "Cabo Kiyomi" fishing boat near Quepos |
where they seized
another ton of the drug. And the final encounter carried out by both
the U.S. and Costa Rican Servicio Nacional de Guardacostas units
yielded 1,246 kilograms of cocaine from aboard the "Kimberly I," found
just southeast of Cabo Matapalo. The three successive busts took place between late Tuesday night and early Wednesday morning. Last week President Luis Guillermo Solís reiterated his support for the joint patrols with the U.S. Monday legislators in the Asamblea Legislative voted to extend the coordinated battle on drug trafficking by allowing U.S. Coast Guard boats in Costa Rican docks for another year. All 11 detainees are Costa Rican nationals. More than seven tons of cocaine have been confiscated since the beginning of May when the new administration took office. |
| Traditional chicken to be honored by a weekend fiesta near
Quepos |
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By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
This weekend the Central Pacific is hosting an homage to all things chicken. The annual Feria del Gallina Criolla celebrates the Costa Rican chicken with more than just vendors dolling out delicious poultry dishes. Gallina criolla is a type of hen or chicken generally known in Costa Rica to be larger than in other parts of Central America and can be reddish or black in color. There is a full schedule of dancing, live music, and children's games on tap. And don't worry, the fair isn't getting in the way of the World Cup. Costa Rica's opener against Uruguay on Saturday will be aired on a big screen on the campgrounds. Festival coordinators also have a soccer tournament of their own planned for guests. The semifinals and final of La Copa Gallina will be played on Sunday. Events begin on Friday and continue until Sunday afternoon at El Silencio de Quepos Savegre de Aguirre. Sponsors are the Consorcio Cooperativo Red Ecoturística Nacional and the Cooperativa El Silencio de Quepos. Festivities start Friday at 10 a.m. |
![]() Instituto Costarricense de Turismo photo
Scene from a previous fiesta |
| Lawmaker joins with Santa Cruz residents to fight for bull
riding |
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By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
A lawmaker says that he will go directly to President Luis Guillermo Solís Rivera for an urgent audience to keep the bull ring open in Santa Cruz. The Plaza López is the site of the Fiestas de Santiago from July 25 to 27. But the Ministerio de Salud has closed the central attraction, the bull ring. The location also is the site of a similar event next January. The lawmaker, Juan Rafael Marín Quirós, said that he seeks to solve the problem once and for all, according to a release from his Partido Liberación Nacional. The Guanacaste lawmaker said that oral and written traditions say |
that the fiesta
has a more-than-100-year history. Mounting a bull in the rural style,
he said, is the expression of the best of the cultural riches of the
province. He used the term la
tradicional monta de toros al estilo rústico. Participants also engage in traditional toro a la Tica or informal bull fighting. Residents of the community marched last weekend through Santa Cruz to demonstrate their unhappiness and to apply pressure to the health ministry, which has declined to issue permits for the fiestas. The fiesta benefits the local Cruz Roja. Marín also said he wants to see the ministry files of similar events for which the health ministry has issued permits over the last five years. |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Thursday, June 12, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 115 | |||||
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| Researchers link human language to bird songs and primate
chatter |
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By
the Massachusetts Institute of Technology news staff
On the island of Java, in Indonesia, the silvery gibbon, an endangered primate, lives in the rain forests. In a behavior that’s unusual for a primate, the silvery gibbon sings: It can vocalize long, complicated songs, using 14 different note types, that signal territory and send messages to potential mates and family. Far from being a mere curiosity, the silvery gibbon may hold clues to the development of language in humans. In a newly published paper, two Massachusetts Institute of Technology professors assert that by re-examining contemporary human language, they can see indications of how human communication could have evolved from the systems underlying the older communication modes of birds and other primates. From birds, the researchers say, humans derived the melodic part of language and from other primates, the pragmatic, content-carrying parts of speech. Sometime within the last 100,000 years, those capacities fused into roughly the form of human language. But how? Other animals, it appears, have finite sets of things they can express. Human language is unique in allowing for an infinite set of new meanings. What allowed unbounded human language to evolve from bounded language systems? “How did human language arise? It’s far enough in the past that we can’t just go back and figure it out directly,” says linguist Shigeru Miyagawa, professor of Japanese language and culture. “The best we can do is come up with a theory that is broadly compatible with what we know about human language and other similar systems in nature.” Specifically, Miyagawa and his co-authors think that some apparently infinite qualities of modern human language, when reanalyzed, actually display the finite qualities of languages of other animals — meaning that human communication is more similar to that of other animals than is generally realized. “Yes, human language is unique, but if you take it apart in the right way, the two parts we identify are in fact of a finite state,” Miyagawa says. “Those two components have antecedents in the animal world. According to our hypothesis, they came together uniquely in human language.” The current paper, “The Integration Hypothesis of Human Language Evolution and the Nature of Contemporary Languages,” was published this week in Frontiers in Psychology. The paper’s conclusions build on past work by Miyagawa, which holds that human language consists of two distinct layers: the expressive layer, which relates to the mutable structure of sentences, and the lexical layer, where the core content of a sentence resides. That idea, in turn, is based on previous work by linguistics scholars including Noam Chomsky. The expressive layer and lexical layer have antecedents, the researchers believe, in the languages of birds and other mammals. For instance, in another paper published last year, Miyagawa and others presented a broader case for the connection between the |
![]() Massachusetts Institute of Technology/
Christine Daniloff
expressive layer of human language and birdsong, including similarities in melody and range of beat patterns. Birds, however, have a limited number of melodies they can sing or recombine, and nonhuman primates have a limited number of sounds they make with particular meanings. That would seem to present a challenge to the idea that human language could have derived from those modes of communication, given the seemingly infinite expression possibilities of humans. But the researchers said they think certain parts of human language actually reveal finite-state operations that may be linked to the ancestral past. To be sure, the researchers acknowledge, their hypothesis is a work in progress. After all, Charles Darwin and others have explored the connection between birdsong and human language. Now, Miyagawa says, the researchers think that “the relationship is between birdsong and the expression system,” with the lexical component of language having come from primates. Indeed, as the paper notes, the most recent common ancestor between birds and humans appears to have existed about 300 million years ago, so there would almost have to be an indirect connection via older primates — even possibly the silvery gibbon. Researchers are still exploring how these two modes could have merged in humans, but the general concept of new functions developing from existing building blocks is a familiar one in evolution. |
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| A.M. Costa Rica's Fifth news page |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Thursday, June 12, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 115 | |||||||
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![]() Voice of America photo
This is the Weishel statue
in WashingtonFire dog
and handler win
admiration in Washington By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Washington, DC, is famous for monuments that honor presidents or heroism during war. But in a recent contest sponsored by the Washington Post, the most popular monument is not on the National Mall in front of the Capital, but downtown in front of a fire station. And it is neither a giant in height nor reputation. Instead, the life-size monument depicts a Labrador retriever, gazing up at a fireman in a rumpled uniform, who smiles back at his faithful canine partner. “It’s a pretty great honor to be the top monument in D.C. It’s quite cool," said Austin Weishel, 25, an artist who lives in Loveland, Colorado, who created the National Fire Dog sculpture. "There’s no other words to describe it." Weishel was guided toward art by a disability that makes it hard to read, a condition called dyslexia. Compared to his struggle with reading words, Weishel says making art was easy, especially sculpting in clay, so he decided to excel at that. In high school, Weishel refined his skills in clay. He also worked at a bronze foundry, where fiery furnaces heat stone cauldrons filled with metal ingots into a white hot, glowing soup. As the metal cools to a bright orange, it's poured into plaster casts. Once the bronze solidifies, it’s on its way to becoming a statue. With this new knowledge, Weishel began transforming his small clay statues into bronze. In addition to art, Weishel pursued another passion, one that involves a different side of fire. He became a volunteer firefighter. “I always was attracted to the fire department," he said. "I lived in Chicago right next to a fire department.” When he was 19, Weishel’s Colorado fire department helped him combine his passions by asking him to make a statue. “They said, 'Hey, we’re doing a new museum and we’d like you to do a piece of artwork for us,'" he recalled. Weishel’s first life-size statue depicts a fireman, reaching out to a child. It's titled “Follow your Dream.” After seeing the statue, another Colorado firefighter followed his own dream. He suggested that Weishel make a sculpture honoring firemen who team up with dogs trained to sniff for flammable chemicals after a suspicious fire. The statue pays tribute to dogs like Holly, a friendly Labrador retriever. She helps arson investigator Mike Manzo search through houses for flammable residues after suspicious fires. “She trusts me at fire scenes to search areas that most people probably wouldn’t go into," Manzo said. "They’re a very useful tool to get through a fire scene fairly quick, where a person with a mechanical detector in place of a canine nose, it would take hours.” Weishel’s fire dog monument is titled, “From Ashes to Answers,” and Manzo says it accurately depicts the teamwork that a man and a dog need, in order to find answers to an arson crime. “The canine is looking up at the firefighter’s eyes, and their, their bond," Manzo said. "Even at a fire scene, the dog is looking for the handler to see what we do next.” Since bronze can last thousands of years, Weishel said he hopes his sculpture will be a timeless testament to his passion for art, and the bond between arson investigators and their dogs. Eric Cantor primary defeat shifts whole political scene By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
The shockwaves shook Washington beginning late Tuesday and throughout the day Wednesday. House Majority leader Eric Cantor, the second most powerful lawmaker in the House of Representatives, lost a primary challenge to David Brat, an underfunded challenger with grassroots backing from Tea Party activists. Cantor announced at an afternoon press conference that he would be stepping down from his leadership post as of July 31. The defeat of a high-ranking member of Congress is rare, especially in a party primary election. The fact that it was completely unexpected has put a lot of Republicans on high alert, unwilling to do anything that might spark an angry reaction from conservative activists back home. So what’s the big deal about the Cantor defeat? Plenty. For starters, immigration reform may be a dead issue in this session of Congress. Don’t like the current state of U.S. partisan politics? Too bad, because there’s more to come and it’s probably only going to get to worse. Fascinated by the ongoing battle between mainstream Republicans and the Tea Party? Good, because there is plenty more to come, not just this election year but in the 2016 presidential year as well. The most immediate victim in the wake of Eric Cantor’s defeat may be the push for immigration reform in the House. House Republican leaders had talked about doing small bits of immigration legislation as a counter to a more sweeping bill that was passed by the Senate. But Cantor was criticized for his support for a version of the so-called Dream Act, which sets up a path to citizenship for immigrant children who were brought to the country illegally. Cantor fought back against those who saw him as too liberal on immigration reform, but it was too late. That could have a chilling effect on any number of House Republicans who may have been toying with the idea of supporting immigration reform in smaller increments. The national political implications of that could be enormous. Many Republican leaders are convinced that unless they support some version of immigration reform, the growing Hispanic-American vote in the U.S. will increasingly go Democratic, making it harder for Republicans to win the presidency. In 2012, President Barack Obama lost the white vote but he was able to patch together a winning coalition thanks to strong support from Hispanics, African-American voters and Asian-American voters, the fastest growing group of all. As University of Virginia expert Geoffrey Skelley said, “If immigration is seen to be part of the factor . . . then I think it will make it more difficult to find Republican votes to pass immigration reform or even bring it to the floor out of fear of angering people who will vote against them in the primaries.” The key word there is fear. Nothing drives politicians like fear, and right now many Republicans are going to be most concerned with how they avoid a future primary challenge from well-funded Tea Party opponents chomping at the bit to run against anyone who is seen as too lenient on immigration. In recent years, Cantor has been a key bridge between mainstream Republican elements in the House and Tea Party supporters. That was seen in the government shutdown dance last October. House leaders like Cantor and House Speaker John Boehner did not have the clout to stop Tea Party lawmakers from pushing the idea of a government shutdown. They had to wait them out and three weeks later, once public opinion turned on them, the Tea Party group was forced to capitulate. After that showdown, the Republican Party’s mainstream old guard appeared to have the upper hand. Many Republicans had turned back Tea Party primary challengers this year. That is, until the Cantor defeat. Defeating Cantor has re-energized the national Tea Party elements. The irony is those groups did little to defeat Cantor. Local grassroots activists played a role and they remain the most powerful asset the Tea Party has. The next target for the Tea Party is Mississippi Sen. Thad Cochran. He has been forced into a runoff Republican primary on June 24 against State Sen. Chris McDaniel, who has become one of the Tea Party’s best hopes this year. National Tea Party leaders are now eager to build momentum from the Cantor defeat and whip up support among activists to get out and vote against Cochran later this month. Up until the Cantor defeat, the Republican establishment was confident they had beaten back the influence of the Tea Party this year. But the Cantor loss will likely serve to refuel the Tea Party, both in this year’s election cycle and in the upcoming shuffle of House Republican leaders. L. Brent Bozell III, the chairman of ForAmerica, which supports Tea Party themes, said “The grassroots is in revolt and marching.” In the short term, the Cantor defeat is likely to make Republicans less willing to compromise with Democrats and President Obama. The cost of angering conservatives and Tea Party activists back in their home districts is just too great. That does not portend a great final two years of the Obama presidency in terms of dealing with Congress. As for this year’s congressional midterm elections, most political analysts say Republicans are well-positioned to hold on to their majority in the House and perhaps even increase it. The real battle this year is for control of the Senate. A shift of six Democratic seats into the Republican column would give the party control of both chambers of Congress for the next two years, making it unlikely that President Obama would be able to get much of his agenda passed. Democrats see some potential good news down the line in the Cantor defeat. A resurgence of the Tea Party in 2014 could heat up the civil war with the Republican establishment well into the 2016 presidential campaign cycle. That might make it harder for Republicans to eventually nominate the kind of moderate conservative who generally does well in presidential elections. Many political analysts believe that the public will be hungry for change in 2016 after eight years of the Obama presidency. Historically speaking that should give the Republican Party a good shot at retaking the White House, provided they nominate a candidate who is acceptable to moderate and independent voters. Republican presidential contenders will face a major challenge in 2016. How can they convince Tea Party activists that they are true conservatives in the primaries and then pivot to present themselves as moderates in the general election against a Democrat like, for the sake of argument, Hillary Clinton? Immigration advocates plan more grassroots efforts By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
With more than four million first generation immigrants living within New York state borders, government officials, immigrant advocates and community members often attend conferences that address their many complex legal, political and humanitarian concerns. Until now, there has been little coordination or constructive conversation among those stakeholders, but the recent “This Land is Your Land Too” conference in a packed Manhattan meeting hall aimed to change that. “I think the importance of today is that we’re seeing representatives of community-based agencies, not-for-profit groups who work with immigrants coming down, sitting with government officials at the New York City, state and even the federal government levels,” said New York Secretary of State Cesar A. Perales. It is easy to understand why immigrants wish to be welcomed, and Perales said New York State has an economic interest in doing so. “From a very selfish perspective, these newcomers are very important to our economy. They provide labor. They start businesses. We want to make sure that immigrants stay in New York, and understand that they are wanted in New York State,” he said. Nisha Agarwal, New York City’s commissioner for immigrant affairs, would like to make it easier for immigrants to stay. She supports immigration reform that helps undocumented immigrants gain legitimacy and eases the path to citizenship. “People’s lives are transformed. They can be pulled out of poverty and stay out of poverty if they have appropriate legal status,” she said, adding that the rules currently in place are a bureaucratic and humanitarian disaster. “Breadwinners being deported and permanently removed from their families; kids are entering foster care because of that, and just people living in fear because they don’t have appropriate immigration status. That’s not in anybody’s interest,” Agarwal said. She said city-sponsored focus groups recently established that one out of four young immigrants were technically eligible for legal relief but did not know it. “So they’ve been living undocumented and they don’t have to be. I think that’s astounding.” Attorney Camille Mackler of the New York Immigration Coalition says that getting accurate legal information to both rural and urban immigrants can be challenging but for different reasons. “In New York City, we face communities that are a lot more insular, a lot more closed in on themselves, where we are having a hard time getting the trust of the communities to have them come out and meet with representatives outside their communities to get help," Mackler said. "Upstate, the problem is that they are spread out and they are also not participating in any sort of civic life. They are not part of the towns. They purposely stay outside of the towns because they fear profiling, they fear discrimination, and they fear law enforcement,” she said. Getting adequate legal representation can be especially difficult for rural immigrants. Many work on farms and cannot make a daytime appointment with a lawyer. Without documentation, they cannot get drivers' licenses. This can put city-based lawyers out of reach as well. To help, the New York Immigration Coalition, which organized this conference, runs a government-funded program to train local grassroots advocates who are not attorneys. Other groups help make it easier for immigrants to get to English classes, to connect with skills and job training opportunities, and to obtain practical support for starting a business, all efforts to let immigrants know that this land is their land too. Drones in U.S. finally get approval for one use By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
U.S. regulators have approved the first use of commercial drones in the United States, giving an industry that is expected to create thousands of jobs and reap billions of dollars a step forward. The unmanned aerial vehicles will inspect oil facilities in remote Alaska. But it's just the first step toward creating rules intended to maintain safety in crowded skies while still allowing entrepreneurs to create a whole new industry. Camera drones can create stunning videos, giving viewers the sensations of effortless flight. Creating such pictures for movies or television once required expensive manned aircraft. But rapidly improving computers, software, communications and electronics - along with much experimentation by entrepreneurs - means an unmanned vehicle costing a few thousand dollars can do the job and perform a fast-growing number of other tasks. Online retail giant Amazon is experimenting with drones to deliver packages. The University of California, Davis is experimenting with Japanese drones to spray insecticide in the hope that it will be more precise and cheaper than manned aircraft or ground operations. The head of the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International, Michael Toscano, hopes U.S. officials will soon make rules that allow these and other drones to operate safely away from other planes and allow this infant industry to blossom and grow. “In the first three years there would be over $13.6 billion of economic benefit and about 70,000 new jobs," said Toscano. Experts say the drone industry involves small entrepreneurs as well as large technology companies and is growing at an exponential rate. In an interview from Hong Kong, the head of drone company Team BlackSheep, Raphael Pirker, says his work is maturing from an entertaining hobby to a serious business. “Now it’s getting more to the point where business is getting involved and the bottom line matters. They will calculate the cost of, for example, a film crew in a real helicopter versus a film crew with a drone and the benefits of that, how good is the picture quality," said Pirker. A key expert says companies will find more and more uses for smaller, relatively inexpensive drones, and those new ways of doing business may change society. Keith Hayward of the Royal Aeronautical Society in London said “It just makes a difference, a significant difference, not necessarily a revolution in the way we organize society." Military unmanned vehicles are built and operated by the United States and many other nations. They have played a controversial role in spying and fighting wars. In many cases, military drones resemble combat aircraft in their complexity, large size and multi-million dollar costs. Most commercial drones evolved from radio controlled model aircraft. They are relatively cheap, usually weigh a kilogram or so, and are more likely to carry a package or a pizza than a bomb. Hagel defends Taliban swap and failure to tell Congress By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
U.S. Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel said exceptional circumstances did not allow time to provide advance notice to Congress about the release of captured Army Sgt. Bowe Bergdahl. Hagel told the House Armed Services Committee Wednesday the decision to free five Taliban detainees from the U.S. prison at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, in exchange for Bergdahl was a tough call. He faced tough questions from lawmakers about the Obama administration's decision to not inform Congress ahead of time or give them details of the exchange, which has drawn criticism from lawmakers in both parties. Rep. Howard McKeon, the Republican chairman of the committee, criticized the Obama administration of failing to consult with lawmakers over the exchange and said the move violated laws governing the transfer of Guantanamo detainees. Hagel agreed that the administration may have fallen short on keeping lawmakers fully informed of the deal, but he stressed concerns that if details of the plan were leaked, it may have unraveled. He added that they viewed this option as a last chance to win Bergdahl's release. McKeon called the exchange "deeply disturbing," saying "this transfer sets a dangerous precedent in negotiating with terrorists." However, Hagel argued that Bergdahl was a prisoner of war, not a hostage, and winning his release conforms to long-standing U.S. policy to recover military personnel held captive. "There are legitimate questions about this prisoner exchange," Hagel said. But "I would never agree to any decision that wasn't in the best interest of this country, nor would the president of the United States. "In the decision to rescue Sergeant Bergdahl, we complied with the law, and we did what we believed was in the best interests of our country, our military, and Sergeant Bergdahl," Hagel said. Last month, the Taliban agreed to free Bergdahl, a U.S. soldier held captive in Afghanistan for five years. In exchange, the U.S. agreed to free five high-level Taliban prisoners from the U.S. military prison at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Obama administration officials have been defending a decision to move forward on the exchange without providing Congress the required 30-day notice before Guantanamo inmates are released. Hagel described, in general terms, the details of the prisoner exchange and the administration's rationale for keeping the deal quiet. Hagel called the attempt to free Bergdahl an extraordinary situation that had to consider numerous moving parts, including concerns about Bergdahl's health and safety, last-minute arrangements over where and when the hand-off would occur, and fears that the Taliban might not hold up their end of the deal. In April, he said, the Taliban signaled an interest in indirect talks for an exchange. The U.S. then began intensified discussions with Qatar, which was acting as an intermediary. On May 12, Hagel said, the U.S. and Qatar reached an agreement that detailed the specific security measures, including travel restrictions and monitoring, that would be undertaken and enforced by Qatar, should they take custody of any Taliban prisoners. More specific security measures were to be discussed in a closed portion of the hearing. |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Thursday, June 12, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 115 | |||||||||
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Tourism
interests reject rental cars labels By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
A pair of tourist-based associations are trying to protect rental car companies from a proposed measure that would brand their fleets with a special label on all maintenance checks. Costa Rica's automotive chamber, the Cámara Costarricense Automotriz, requested that rental vehicles receive markings to let people know they are often used. Representatives from both the Asociación Costarricense de Auto Rentistas and the Cámara Nacional de Turismo, known as Canatur, have since refused the request. They said the suggestion is unfair because rental cars in Costa Rica are kept in very good shape as almost all of them are new and secure. “Contrary to what many think rental, vehicles are usually in much better conditions than vehicles from third parties and in some cases have less mileage too,” said Federico Barquero, president of the car rental association. Barquero said this measure discredits the quality of rental cars, as they are routinely checked according to the standards of their respective factories. He added that on average rental cars here are only 1.5 years old. According to the association's statistics, around 80 percent of rental car clients are tourists. Canatur's president Pablo Abarca said this idea from the automotive chamber could dissuade more tourists from hiring rental car services. “We won't accept an agreement we consider unjust towards the rental car companies,” Abarca said. “The cars already go through rigorous and constant examination, while satisfying tourist demand.” Two groups and orchestra play tonight By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
Two top Costa Rican musical groups are joining with the Orquesta Sinfónica Nacional tonight and Friday for a concert with a Latin flavor in the Teatro Nacional. The groups are Editus and Sexteto de Jazz Latino. Many of the works to be performed were written by the musicians who will play them, said an announcement from the Centro Nacional de la Música. Marvin Araya is the invited conductor. Both performances are at 8 p.m. Four notaries held in vehicle scams By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
Four notaries are among six persons detained Wednesday on allegations that they faked vehicle title papers. The paperwork was designed to obtain new license plates for persons who were not the owners of the vehicles, said the Judicial Investigating Organization. In addition to the lawyer-notaries, all from Alajuela, two persons who are accused of actually presenting the false paperwork at the Registro Nacional also were detained, said the Judicial Invesigating Organization. Agents said that the transactions cost individuals between 30,000 and 40,000 colons, some $54 to $71. |
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| From Page 7: Forced labor update wins strong support By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
A new global treaty to tackle modern forms of forced labor has been overwhelmingly approved by 177 member states attending the annual International Labor Conference in Geneva. One country voted against, and seven abstained. The treaty spells out ways to prevent, protect and compensate victims of forced labor. The International Labor Organization estimates 21 million men, women, and children around the world are in forced labor, an illegal enterprise that generates about $150 billion a year. The labor organization adopted two conventions on forced labor, in 1930 and 1957. The new protocol brings these two outdated conventions into the 21st century. David Garner says the treaty focuses on contemporary forms of slavery. It tackles practices such as human trafficking. He is president of the International Labor Committee on Forced Labor. “I think the key aspects are that it calls on member states to give effect to their obligation to suppress forced labor as enshrined in Convention 29 - by strengthening in particular prevention and protection measures, by enabling victims to access remedies, such as compensation and to sanction the perpetrators of forced or compulsory labor," he said. "There was also consensus within the committee that the punishment of offenders is important, but it is also equally important to ensure that the rights of victims are protected.” The labor organization says victims of forced labor often are treated like criminals instead of people in need of assistance. The head of the organization's special action program on forced labor, Beate Andrees, says the new protocol remedies this injustice. “There is one important provision now in the protocol to protect victims from being punished for criminal activities they may have been forced to carry out while they were in forced labor. Some victims, for instance, are forced to plant drugs or to traffic drugs,” Ms. Andrees said.. The labor organization estimates 55 percent of forced labor victims are female, 45 percent are male, and 26 percent are children. Victims may be in bonded labor or working under slave-like conditions in a wide range of industries. The labor organization says women and girls are primarily forced into domestic work and commercial sexual exploitation, while men and boys are in forced economic exploitation in agriculture, construction, and mining. It says many work long hours, often for little or no pay. Two states must ratify the protocol for it to go into force, and individual governments must ratify the new protocol to become legally bound by its provisions. Thailand reportedly voted against the treaty while Bahrain, Brunei, Iran, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and Yemen abstained. |