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Published Wednesday, April 6, 2016,
in Vol. 17, No. 67
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San José, Costa
Rica, Wednesday, April 6, 2016,
Vol. 17, No. 67
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By the A.M. Costa
Rica staff
The security minister told lawmakers Tuesday that he needed more resources for the province of Guanacaste. The minister, Gustavo Mata, was called before the Comisión Especial de Guanacaste in the wake of a murder of an Escazú tourist by a mob nearly two weeks ago in Playas del Coco. Mata said that due to budget cuts the ministry does not have the resources to confront crime that has been plaguing the country. He pushed for approval of a tax on corporations that is estimated to raise $50 to $80 million a year. The bulk of the tax proceeds are earmarked for the ministry. The reception was not totally sympathetic. Marta Arauz Mora, a Partido Liberación Nacional lawmaker who represents Guanacaste, blamed the government for the budget cuts. She said that people would like to think that the murder was an isolated event but that it is a reflection of the daily reality. She said that the central government cut 20 billion colons, some $38 million, from the security ministry budget and that the central government should act to provide the funds. The corporate tax has been tied up in the legislature for months even though the Luis Guillermo Solís administration submitted a rewrite that reduces the tax for corporations with lower income. Mata said that of the 630 police stations in the country 70 percent are marginal or in poor condition. He said the Fuerza Pública was losing about 60 officers a month and that the ministry has invested 3.5 billion colons into construction of a new police station in Liberia. That’s about $6.6 million. He also said that crime in the canton of Carrillo was down when compared to the year before. That is where Playas del Coco is located. He blamed a 200-meter strip in the Pacific beach community for generating most of the problems. Police face charge they fake paperwork By the A.M. Costa
Rica staff
Two Fuerza Pública officers in Tortuguero have been detained on the allegation that they doctored information in police files that related to a boat that was in police custody and is now missing. The Judicial Investigating Organization said that on the day the boat was taken, the men wrote in a log book that they were on patrol. Investigators say they were not. Hitchcock series begins tonight in Jacó By the A.M. Costa
Rica staff
The Teatro Jaco begins a Wednesday night Alfred Hitchcock series tonight at 7 p.m. The initial movie is “Secret Agent,” a 1936 thriller directed by Hitchcock. The series ends May 11 with a showing of the 1960 classic horror movie “Pyscho.” with Anthony Perkins and Janet Leigh. Fishing for parrot fish should be banned Dear A.M. Costa Rica: The article focused on one species, the parrot fish, being one of the most important coral reef fish. It is over fished here in Costa Rica by individuals and small fishermen as well. I have personally witnessed over and over parrot fish disappear from coral reefs along the mid-Pacific and south Pacific of Costa Rica. The main culprits are spear fisherman not abiding by any laws. I have even seen them spear fish in protected marine reserves. This is not limited to the poor fisherman that we think of. I have seen well off spear fishermen using expensive Zodiac inflatables, wearing top-of-the-line wet suits and scuba tanks to fish for parrot fish. The only way to lessen this type of fishing is to make it illegal to fish for parrot fish, instead of putting limits on the number that can be caught. It also requires enforcement. Once you put limits it allows people to abuse the limit quota because of lack of supervision. Making it totally illegal does not allow limits to be abused. There are too many other fish species killed for the fish industry to survive. It is time for Costa Rica to take a stronger stance on the fish industry in this case and others as well. Henry Kantrowitz
Punta Leona
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| A.M. Costa Rica Third News Page |
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San José,
Costa Rica, Wednesday, April 6,
2016, Vol. 17, No. 67
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| Tax
collecting ministry takes action to respond to Panamá
papers |
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By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
Even though there have been no clear cases of tax evasion involving Costa Ricans within the mountains of paperwork stolen from a Panamá law office, the country’s tax authorities are acting as if there were. The Ministerio de Hacienda said Tuesday that it would renew discussions with Panamá in order to agree on a system to exchange tax information. The ministry, which houses the tax collectors, also said that it would launch investigations of each of the individuals, corporations and law offices named in the papers. The Costa Rican information is being released by the Universidad de Costa Rican newspaper El Semanario based on revelations from the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists. The news articles in the weekly paper contain several dozen names but they all seem to be involved in legitimate activities even though they may have had contact with the Panamá law firm of Mossack Fonseca. There is a growing consensus at the legislature to pass a bill that is designed to combat tax fraud. But the bill would have little impact on those who set up foreign corporations to channel money outside of Costa Rica. There also is some concern |
among
lawmakers that the ministry is overreacting A vice minister, Fernando Rodríguez Garro, appeared before lawmakers and outlined the ministry’s plans. The agency said that the problem of tax fraud, avoidance and evasion requires an integrated reform of the tax system. However, avoidance is setting up one’s affairs legally so that the smallest amount possible is paid in taxes. The ministry and its tax collecting arm frequently confuse avoidance and evasion. Setting up an offshore corporation is one way to avoid taxation legally. The articles about the secret law firm papers broke Sunday, and there have been repercussions elsewhere in the world. The executive branch’s tax package has been stalled in the legislature because some members would like to see substantial expense cuts. The Partido Liberación Nacional has come out for some tax reform, including what is called renta global. That is a single rate for all sorts of income. Now the rates vary depending on the source. But Antonio Álvarez Desanti, who heads the party in the legislature said he and his colleagues opposed rental mundial, which is taxing foreign earnings as they enter the country. |
| State
water company, under fire, plans a celebration and march
Friday |
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By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The state water company will kick off its two-day celebration of water Friday with a march from the Fuente de Hispanidad at Mall San Pedro to the Antigua Aduana on Avenida 23. The event is designed to raise consciousness to saving water and using it responsibly. The 8 a.m. march will be down Avenida Central and end at the Antigua Aduana in time for opening ceremonies there. Afterwards there are a number of dance and music programs planned through 5 p.m.. Saturday begins with a pet parade accompanied by cimarrona street band. There are musical activities for the rest of the day through 5 p.m.. |
The
sponsor, the Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y
Alcantarillados, also plans a series of workshops and
discussions on the topic of water. For example, Saturday
at 2 p.m. is a discussion of proposed laws affecting
water. The water celebration comes at a time when the institute is under fire for service outages. Yamileth Astorga, the executive president, said Tuesday that the institute would act to temporarily provide water to some 75,000 persons in the southern part of the capital. The institute workers will restructure some lines to accomplish this, she said. The water will be available from 4 p.m. to 10 p.m., she said. There have been protests and road blockades by residents demanding water. |
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| A.M. Costa Rica's Fourth News page | ||
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San José, Costa
Rica, Wednesday, April 6, 2016,
Vol. 17, No. 67
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| Twin joints found to give crocodilians their impressive bite | |
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By the Federation of
American Societies
for Experimental Biology news staff Researchers recently discovered that alligators and related crocodilian species have a previously unknown second jaw joint that helps to distribute the extreme force of their bite, which is the most powerful of any living animal. The finding raises new questions about the evolution of jaws and could potentially lead to a better understanding of common jaw disorders. “When we discovered that crocs had built this new jaw joint, it made us re-evaluate how mammals actually evolved our jaw joint and reinterpret what we thought we knew about where parts of our jaw joint came from,” said Casey Holliday, assistant professor of anatomy at the University of Missouri, who led the research. “It’s one of those awesome tapestry of life stories that’s given us a new way of looking at 250 million years of evolution for crocs and also 250 million years of independent evolution toward mammals.” Holliday will present the new findings and other highlights of recent research about crocodilian anatomy at the American Association of Anatomists Annual Meeting during Experimental Biology 2016. Crocodilians, which include alligators, crocodiles and caimans, live in tropical and temperate regions worldwide and are top predators in watery environments. With a crushing force of more than 16,000 newtons, they have the strongest bite of any animal on earth, a distinction scientists believe they have likely maintained going back to the Mesozoic era, when their giant ancestors co-existed with the T-rex and other impressive biters. By comparison, the typical human bite involves around 500 newtons of force. “Though they have a reputation as living fossils and indeed have patrolled earth’s waterways for millions of years, they aren’t just some holdover or relic from the days of the dinosaurs,” said Professor Holliday. “In fact, they have continued to evolve and continue to reveal new features that are surprisingly similar in function to those we find in |
 A.M. Costa Ric file
photo
The jaws pack tons of force.mammals, birds and other animals. Crocodilians are a treasure trove of adaptations that can help us understand the form, function and evolution of many animals.” The research team made the discovery by using a variety of imaging, computational and 3-D modeling tools to investigate the bones, cartilage, and tissues of the alligator head. It appears the second joint helps to distribute the bite force throughout the skull and stabilizes the jaw to prevent it from twisting during feeding. Mammals have only one jaw joint; birds, lizards, snakes and fish have multiple flexible joints in their heads, though these joints are not all considered jaw joints. Because the crocodilians’ second jaw joint is similar in structure to the temporomandibular joint in people, Professor Holliday said the findings could have relevance for understanding a group of painful jaw-related conditions known as temporomandibular joint dysfunction, which is estimated to affect up to 30 percent of adults. |
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| What we published this week: | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Earlier |
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A.M. Costa Rica's
Fifth news page |
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San José, Costa
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Vol. 17, No. 67
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bill providing anti-gay option By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
The governor of Mississippi signed a controversial law Tuesday that permits employers and businesses opposed to same-sex unions on religious grounds to refuse service to such couples. Republican Gov. Phil Bryant signed the law despite opposition from human rights groups, gay-rights activists and some businesses that see the legislation as discriminatory. Several hundred protesters chanting "no hate in our state" rallied outside the governor's mansion in the capital, but failed to sway Bryant's decision. The measure allows churches, private businesses and religious charities to decline services to people whose lifestyles violate their religious beliefs. It also says that local and regional governments must continue providing such services. The governor of Georgia, under pressure from major corporations and sports organizations operating in the state, last week vetoed similar legislation, saying he did "not think we have to discriminate against anyone to protect the faith-based community." That veto came after technology giants Apple and Intel, the media conglomerate Time Warner and the entertainment empire Walt Disney Co. called the legislation discriminatory and urged the governor to veto the bill. Lawmakers in at least 10 states have passed or are deciding various bills affecting gays, lesbians and transgender people, partly in response to a U.S. Supreme Court decision last year that legalizes same-sex marriage, and partly to overrule municipal legislation granting protections to transgender people. The governor of North Carolina sparked widespread controversy last month by passing a law banning local governments from allowing transgender people to use restrooms and locker rooms that correspond with their current gender identities. That legislation, widely referred to as the bathroom bill, has come under fire from major corporations doing business in the state, as well as the National Basketball Association and the National Collegiate Athletic Association. Both athletic organizations say they may move future sporting events to other venues to protest the legislation, which they describe as discriminatory. Fed’s fake university gets goods on 21 visa recruiters By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
U.S. law enforcement officials say 21 people have been arrested for their alleged involvement in a conspiracy that allowed more than 1,000 foreigners to stay in the country under the pretense of attending or working for a fake university. The defendants were aware that the University of Northern New Jersey had no instructors, classes or degree programs, but they did not know it was created by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The fake university, complete with a convincing Web site and a promise of an exceptional educational experience, was created in 2012 in an effort by Homeland Security to curb visa fraud in the U.S. U.S. Attorney for New Jersey Paul Fisherman told reporters that visa brokers and recruiters flocked to the fake university as word got out, one even admitting to Fisherman that this was a long-standing practice, "just another stop on the ‘pay-to-stay' tour." The 21 defendants, who are mostly in the U.S. legally, have been charged with conspiracy to commit visa fraud and conspiracy to harbor aliens for profit. Most of the foreign nationals who benefited from the scam come from India and China and were already in the U.S. on non-immigrant visas but looking for ways to stay. They have been identified and will be dealt with by immigration authorities, but not prosecuted, Fisherman said. Currently, the majority of the 1.2 million students on student visas in the U.S. are attending legitimate universities, government officials told The New York Times. Several cases of student visa fraud have been reported across the country, creating security concerns for immigration officials under increasing pressure to screen visa applicants for potential terrorism ties. Survey report cites benefits of H-1B non-immigrant visas By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
Policies supporting the special non-immigrant H-1B visa program in the United States are too restrictive, undercutting free enterprise and ultimately damaging the economy, according to a survey, of U.S. business executives, by a Dartmouth College dean. The H-1B visas, for which the U.S. began accepting new applications on April 1, are designed to allow U.S. companies to recruit foreign professionals in specialty occupations, those that require at least a bachelor's degree, for a period of up to six years. Matthew Slaughter, dean of the Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth, said when looking at H-1B contributions to communities in metropolitan areas over the past few decades, the areas with more H-1B immigrants tended to have faster growth in productivity, which economists say would drive increased standards of living and real wages. “Those communities with more high skilled immigrants than native-born workers . . . had higher wage growth,” he said. “Not just other talented workers, other college graduates, but also less skilled natives.” Slaughter’s survey of 400 corporate executives, however, shows that companies that desperately need the specialized labor find the H-1B hiring process too expensive. "Eighty-two percent of respondents in this survey said hiring a foreign worker costs as much as or more than hiring a comparably skilled U.S. worker," said Slaughter, who directed the survey. Some Americans believe H-1B visa holders are angling to take their jobs, but former U.S. treasurer Rosario Marin, co-chairwoman of American Competitiveness Alliance, said foreign professionals in the high demand high-tech industry are necessary. "Almost 80 percent full-time graduate students in electrical engineering in the United States are international students,” she said. “In computer science, foreign nationals make up more than 70 percent of graduate students." Under current H-1B requirements, foreigners themselves cannot apply, but must wait for prospective employers to file a petition on their behalf. Some 233,000 applications were filed in the last fiscal year. With an annual quota of 85,000 set by Congress, the visa applications that exceed the quota are allocated via a lottery system. Applicants who don’t win the lottery are not allowed to work in the United States. Ms. Marin said that could benefit economic rivals of the United States. "Our economic rivals are recruiting them," she said, adding that other countries are approaching the very H-1B visa applicants who are rejected. Bjorn Billhardt is an entrepreneur who hires H-1B visa holders. He said missing key, talented individuals could potentially kill projects and start-ups that actually represent productivity and creativity. “In early stage of a company, it’s that critical employee that will make or break the company,” he said. Slaughter said: "About three quarters of these companies say, 'When we have high skilled positions that go unfilled for longer than about a month, it's a real constraint on the competitiveness and success of their companies.'" The current H-1B visa program requires the employer to pay the beneficiary a wage that is no less than the wage paid to similarly qualified workers. Some people still criticize H-1B visa holders as cheap labor and say the program is being abused, including leading Sens. Chuck Grassley and Jeff Sessions. Two Republican presidential candidates also have raised concerns about the H1-B program. Donald Trump's campaign Web site says, “Raising the prevailing wage paid to H-1B's will force companies to give these coveted entry-level jobs to the existing domestic pool of unemployed native and immigrant workers in the U.S., instead of flying in cheaper workers from overseas.” Trump's main challenger Ted Cruz, on his Web site, calls for a suspension in the "issuance of all H-1B visas for 180 days to complete a comprehensive investigation and audit of pervasive allegations of abuse of the program." "In recent months," the statement continues, "more and more reports have become public of companies replacing American workers with cheaper foreign workers, contrary to the stated intent of the H-1B visa program." The U.S. Senate held two hearings in the past year on the impact of the H1-B program on American workers Slaughter’s survey found that 71 percent of respondents said they would consider moving facilities to other countries if they find it too difficult to hire skilled professionals in the United States. The New York Times reported last November that top H1-B employers are outsourcing jobs. Slaughter and Ms. Marin are calling on Congress to reform H-1B visa policies to help business development. Teen gets acceptance OKs for all Ivy League schools By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
For the second year in a row, a teenager with Nigerian parents has accomplished what few U.S. high school students can, getting accepted into all eight Ivy League schools. Augusta Uwamanzu-Nna, whose parents came to the U.S. from Nigeria, has until May 1 to decide whether she'll attend one of the prestigious U.S. universities. Last year, Nigeria-born Harold Ekeh chose to attend Yale University after having his pick of all eight Ivy League schools. Both students attended Elmont Memorial High School in a New York suburb. Ms. Uwamanzu-Nna was also accepted to four additional schools to which she applied, Johns Hopkins University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, New York University and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Ms. Uwamanzu-Nna told a local TV station, "Though I was born here in America, I visited Nigeria many times. And I've seen that my cousins don't have the same opportunities that I have. So definitely, whatever I do, I want to make sure that it has an impact on Nigeria." Vitamin D said to improve heart function in 5-year study By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
A new study has found that a daily dose of vitamin D3 can significantly improve the cardiac function of people with chronic heart failure. More than 160 heart failure patients participated in a five-year study at the University of Leeds School of Medicine. They were using proven treatments such as beta blockers, ACE inhibitors and pacemakers. One group took a vitamin D tablet every day for a year, and a second group took a placebo. The vitamin D group members saw their heart pumping function improve from 26 percent to 34 percent. Klaus Witte, who led the study and is a senior lecturer in cardiology at the university, said the findings could make a significant difference in the care of heart failure patients. "It is the first evidence that vitamin D3 can improve heart function of people with heart muscle weakness, known as heart failure," he said. The study provides hope that daily doses of vitamin D may lessen the need for heart failure patients to be fitted with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. This is an expensive device that can detect irregular heart rhythms and restore the heart to a normal rhythm. There are about 23 million people worldwide with heart failure, which can affect people of all ages, but is more common in older people. More than half of all people with heart failure are 75 or older. The study was presented Monday at the American College of Cardiology's 65th Annual Scientific Session and Expo in Chicago. World Health cites crises in three Mideastern nations By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
More than 125 million people are living in crisis-affected countries, the World Health Organization reports, saying the three greatest emergencies are Syria, Yemen and Iraq. The agency is appealing for $2.2 billion to come to terms with the escalating health crisis, in an effort to provide life-saving health care to 87 million people in more than 30 countries. In Syria, the agency says 11.5 million people need essential medicines and primary health care, as well as trauma care and mental health care. World Health says special care for mothers and children, as well as essential medicine and other health care, are needed by more than seven million people in Iraq and 10.6 million in Yemen. In South Sudan, the focus of aid for 2.3 million people will be on combating child mortality by preventing and treating malaria, diarrhea and pneumonia, according to World Health. War and violence have wreaked havoc on these countries, says Rick Brennan, the agency’s director of emergency risk management and humanitarian response. The destruction has been felt in the loss of health infrastructure, the loss of staff, and the disruption of health programs like vaccination programs, according to Brennan. “I think the other issue is that none of these emergencies is going away any time soon,” he said. “So, we have to shift the way that we think about providing assistance there, not only to meeting acute needs, but working with partners on the ground to increase their resilience and their capacity to provide assistance." Brennan says natural disasters also are of concern. He cites the health consequences of the El Niño weather phenomenon on countries such as Ethiopia, where some 400,000 children are suffering acute malnutrition. In addition, the U.N. agency and its partners are responding to sudden onset emergencies such as Cyclone Winston that hit Fiji in February, epidemics such as the zika virus in Brazil, a severe outbreak of yellow fever in Angola, the worst in 30 years, and the remaining risks of ebola in West Africa. Death penalties in 2015 set recent record, Amnesty says By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
More people were put to death in countries around the world last year than in any other year during the previous 25 years. A report released Tuesday by Amnesty International said at least 1,634 people were executed in 2015, a rise of 54 percent from the year before and the highest number the human rights watchdog has recorded since 1989. The surge was largely fueled by three nations, Iran, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, that were responsible for almost 90 percent of all recorded executions. The report said the profoundly disturbing numbers do not include the executions carried out by China, where thousands are likely to have been executed but where the use of the death penalty is a state secret. Belarus, the only European country to use the death penalty, and Vietnam also do not provide data. The dramatic rise in executions can be directly linked to the 76 percent increase in Saudi Arabia and the 31 percent increase in Iran. In Saudi Arabia, at least 158 people were executed last year. Most were beheaded, but firing squads also were used and bodies were sometimes displayed in public. The report said the Saudis used the death penalty disproportionately on foreign nationals with no knowledge of Arabic, the language of trials. Iran executed at least 977 people last year, most for drug-related offenses. Iran is one of the last countries to execute child offenders, in violation of international law. Last year, it executed at least four people who were under 18 at the time of their crimes. Amnesty said Pakistan has continued an alarming killing spree since it lifted a moratorium on civilian executions in December 2014. More than 320 people were sent to the gallows in 2015, the highest number Amnesty has ever recorded for Pakistan. In the U.S., the only country in the Americas to use capital punishment, there were 28 executions in six states, the lowest figure since 1991. Salil Shetty, Amnesty International’s secretary general, said, "Thankfully, countries that execute belong to a small and increasingly isolated minority." For the first time, a majority of the world’s countries, 102, have now fully abolished the death penalty. Four countries adopted the ban in 2015: Fiji, Madagascar, the Republic of Congo and Suriname. |
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| What we published this week: | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Earlier |
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contents
of
this Web site are copyrighted by Consultantes Río
Colorado S.A. 2016 and may not be reproduced anywhere
without permission. Abstracts and fair use are permitted. Check HERE for details |
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| A.M. Costa Rica sixth news page |
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San José, Costa
Rica, Wednesday, April 6, 2016,
Vol. 17, No. 67
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Cruz, Sanders take Wisconsin
primaries By the A.M. Costa Rica wire
services
Republican Ted Cruz and Democrat Bernie Sanders trail in the overall race to be their party's nominee for president, but each scored an important primary victory Tuesday in the northern state of Wisconsin. Cruz defeated Donald Trump by about 15 percentage points, according to early returns, and called the victory a turning point and a rallying cry to America. The Texas senator also turned his attention to former secretary of State Hillary Clinton, boasting that he will win not only the Republican nomination but the November general election as well. "So let me just say, Hillary, get ready. Here we come," Cruz said. Trump gave no public comments after polls closed Tuesday night, but his campaign issued a statement harshly attacking Cruz as being propelled by those who seek only to keep Trump from being nominated at the party convention in Cleveland in July. "Ted Cruz is worse than a puppet -- he is a Trojan horse being used by the party bosses attempting to steal the nomination from Mr. Trump," read the statement. Heading into Wisconsin, Trump had 737 delegates to Cruz's 475, with Ohio Gov. John Kasich trailing with 143. Cruz won most of the 42 delegates at stake Tuesday, although the exact number will depend on final vote counts. His win increases the chances that Trump will be unable to secure enough delegates to clinch the nomination before the convention. Sanders, a senator from Vermont, beat Mrs. Clinton with about 55 percent of the vote in Wisconsin. He has now won six out of the last seven states and he told supporters in Wyoming, which holds its caucus on Saturday, that his campaign has momentum. "With your help on Saturday, we are going to win here in Wyoming. And then we are headed to New York," Sanders said. "Now please keep this a secret. Do not tell Secretary Clinton, she's getting a little nervous, and I don't want to get her more nervous. But I believe we have an excellent chance to win New York and a lot of delegates in that state." Mrs. Clinton also did not make a speech after Wisconsin's vote. She posted on Twitter congratulating Sanders on his win and told her supporters, "Forward!" Mrs. Clinton has a large delegate lead, especially when adding in the so-called super delegates who have pledged to support her, but are free to change their mind later. Democratic contests award delegates proportionately, so Sanders needs to not only beat Clinton in future states, but also to do so by a large margin in order to make up ground. He has vowed to stay in the race until the Democratic convention in Philadelphia, also held in July. Another windy day predicted for today By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The winds are predicted to continue today with the possibility of gusts up to 80 kph (about 50 mph) in the north Pacific, the Central Valley and the country’s mountains. A high pressure area in the Caribbean and elsewhere in Central America is being blamed for the winds, said the Instituto Meteorológico Nacional. Tuesday was a windy day, too. There was a brief light rain in the San José downtown Tuesday, and there might be light rain today along the Caribbean coast and the northern zone, said the institute. Some Costa Ricans who suffered through 30-degree C weather (86 F) last week were pleased with cooler temperatures Tuesday. But the thermometer is supposed to go up again, perhaps as high as 33 in San José (91+). |
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| From Page 7: Ag experts from 16 nations are meeting here By the A.M. Costa Rica
staff
Agricultural experts from 16 countries are meeting through Friday at the Hotel Crowne Plaza San José Corobicí. They include researchers, academics, producers and specialists. The gathering is the 61st meeting of the Programa Cooperativo Centroamericano para el Mejoramiento del Cultivo y Animales. A summary said that among the first reports was the agricultural situation in Costa Rica where food products are nearly 48 percent of the annual exports. As with other Latin American countries the poverty is higher in the rural areas even though the various forms of agriculture generate 12.33 percent of the nation’s jobs. The Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos said that a 2014 census showed that rural poverty averages 22.4 percent but that it reached 36.2 percent in some areas. The gathering heard that technology and sustainable practices could increase agricultural yield and create more jobs. The sessions are being sponsored by the Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería and the Instituto Nacional de Innovación y Transferencia en Tecnología Agropecuaria. |
