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A.M. Costa Rica's Second news page |
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San
José, Costa Rica, Tuesday, Oct. 28, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 213
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 Ministero de Gobernación,
Policía y Seguridad Pública
photo
This lucky bird, called a setillero in Spanish, was rescued
when Fuerza Pública officers stopped four men Sunday near
Puntarenas with 14 of the creatures and cages. Police considered this a
violation of thewildlife laws. The bird, known as a white-collared seedeater in English, has the Latin name of Sporophila torqueola. It is much appreciated for its song. Tourism fair will be this weekend By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
Some 80 tourism operators are expected to show their wares at the Feria Nacional de Turismo Saturday and Sunday in the Antigua Aduana on Calle 23. Some 4,500 persons attended the free event last year, and tourism officials are hoping to match or exceed that total. Wilhelm von Breymann, the minster of Turismo, said that one goal of the fair will be to outline the different cultural elements that make up the country's tourism. He said that the fair would be a window for activities appropriate for every region and that the country's sustainable tourism also would be on display The minister said that the tourism institute was working with the municipalities and the various tourism chambers to strengthen the local capacity and to increase competitivity, quality and provided added value to the experiences of tourists. Gasoline prices will be going down By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The dip in prices of petroleum on the world market has filtered down to Costa Rica. The Autoridad Reguladora de los Servicios Públicos said it would cut the per liter fuel prices 22 colons for super, 27 colons for plus and 24 colons for diesel. So when the new prices are published, motorists will pay 755 colons a liter for super, 717 colons per liter for plus and 634 a liter for diesel. The prices are recomputed each months. Push against fireworks begins anew By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The Cuerpo de Bomberos, the Ministerio de Salud, the Hospital de Niños, the Ministerio de Seguridad and the Cruz Roja Costarricense have launched their annual campaign to protect children from explosive fireworks. The Fuerza Pública will be reinforcing the efforts at the borders, they said, but they also will be patrolling the major highways for signs of fireworks transport. Despite the efforts, police have only located one case of fireworks. That was some 1,500 units being transported by a women police located in the bus station in San Vito de Coto Brus. That was earlier this month. Fireworks smugglers will need more stealth because police will be keeping a close eye on the bus terminals. Most of the explosives are imported from the north and south. Meanwhile, the Cuerpo de Bomberos is issuing a call to keep combustibles away from children in general. The effort comes after flames devoured the second floor of a family home in Altos de Moravia Sunday night. The cause has been listed as a child playing with a lighter in the principal bedroom. A bed caught on fire. The fire agency said that children with combustibles is the 10th biggest cause of fires.
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A.M. Costa Rica Third News Page |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Tuesday, Oct. 28, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 213 | |
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| Administration makes an offer of major investments to
strikers |
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By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The executive branch offered striking dock workers a basket of goodies Monday that totaled 406 billion colons, about $833 million. The deal includes about 35 billion colons ($53 million) invested directly in improvements at the port of Moín. There also would be at least two state-of-the art container handling cranes. And the executive branch promised to revive the Proyecto Limón Ciudad Puerto, which was an ambitious plan to beef up the infrastructure of the central canton of Limón, including sewer systems. Casa Presidencial said that the striking dock workers asked for 48 hours to consider the offer. A good part of what was being promised already has been promised by previous administrations but the money never materialized. Also on the table are 270 billion colons ($495.5 million) to improve the Braulio Carrillo highway, the main roadway that feeds cargo into the port area. |
Víctor
Morales, the minister of Trabajo, told the strikers that the
administration wants to see the public agency running the port to
recapture its role as the port authority and the focus of development
in Limón, according to Casa Presidencial. That agency is the Junta de Administración Portuaria y Desarrollo Económica de la Vertiente Atlántica. known as JAPADEVA. The strikers are members of the Sindicato de Trabajadores de JAPDEVA. and they have been out since Wednesday. The principal concern of strikers is that a new, $1 billion container handling terminal will eventually take away their jobs. That container handling facility still is awaiting an environmental go-ahead, which may be some months ahead. Meanwhile, the Fuerza Pública is supervising both the Moín and Limón docks, and work has been reported to be normal, although strikers disagree. Strikers also were told that the administration will conduct a study of possible niches for economic activity and impact that might be created by the terminal that APM Terminals will run as a concession. |
| National library will display documents from the Campaña Nacional | |
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By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The national library is celebrating its 126th birthday with a display of some 70 documents, newspapers and other written material about the Campaña Nacional from 1856 to 1857, The exposition also honors Juan Mora Porras, who rallied the country to confront the filibusterer William Walker, who had eyes for Costa Rica. Among the documents is the official bulletin that Mora produced to tell the country about the threat from the north. This year is the 200th anniversary of his birth. Also being honored are other Costa Ricans who have fought to keep their country free, according to the Biblioteca Nacional, the national library. The exposition will run until April. In addition to a physical exposition at the main library, the Sistema Nacional de Bibliotecas is creating a virtual exposition that may be accessed via its Web page. (www.sinabi.go.cr) The public attitude toward the campaign is best seen in the Monumento Nacional, a giant sculpture that stands in nearby Parque Nacional. A graphic of the sculpture appears on the program for the exposition. The scene shows the Central American states, represented by five women, driving away William Walker. Much of Costa Rica's success was due to intervention by the British, the U.S. Navy and the supplies provided by U.S. tycoon Cornelius Vanderbilt, who had an axe to grind with Walker. |
 Biblioteca Nacional de Costa Rica graphic
That's William Walker, the U.S.
filibusterer, being beaten up by five women representing the countries
of
Central America. This is the same scene that is depicted on the
Monumental Nacional. |
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| A.M. Costa Rica's Fourth News page | |||||
| San José, Costa Rica, Tuesday, Oct. 28, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 213 | |||||
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| Rutgers study says oceans influence climate as much as
atmosphere |
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By
the Rutgers University news service
Most of the concerns about climate change have focused on the amount of greenhouse gases that have been released into the atmosphere. But in a new study published in Science, a group of Rutgers researchers have found that circulation of the ocean plays an equally important role in regulating the earth’s climate. In their study, the researchers say the major cooling of Earth and continental ice build-up in the Northern Hemisphere 2.7 million years ago coincided with a shift in the circulation of the ocean, which pulls in heat and carbon dioxide in the Atlantic and moves them through the deep ocean from north to south until it’s released in the Pacific. The ocean conveyor system, Rutgers scientists believe, changed at the same time as a major expansion in the volume of the glaciers in the northern hemisphere as well as a substantial fall in sea levels. It was the Antarctic ice, they argue, that cut off heat exchange at the ocean's surface and forced it into deep water. They believe this caused global climate change at that time, not carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Stella Woodard is a postdoctoral researcher in the Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences. “We argue that it was the establishment of the modern deep ocean circulation – the ocean conveyor – about 2.7 million years ago, and not a major change in carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere |
that triggered an
expansion of the ice sheets in the northern hemisphere,” said Ms.
Woodard, lead author of the study. The findings, based on ocean sediment core samples between 2.5 million to 3.3 million years old, provide scientists with a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of climate change today. The study shows that changes in heat distribution between the ocean basins is important for understanding future climate change. However, scientists can’t predict precisely what effect the carbon dioxide currently being pulled into the ocean from the atmosphere will have on climate. Still, they argue that since more carbon dioxide has been released in the past 200 years than any recent period in geological history, interactions between carbon dioxide, temperature changes and precipitation, and ocean circulation will result in profound changes. Scientists believe that the different pattern of deep ocean circulation was responsible for the elevated temperatures 3 million years ago when the carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere was arguably what it is now and the temperature was 4 degree F. higher. They say the formation of the ocean conveyor cooled the earth and created the current climate. “Our study suggests that changes in the storage of heat in the deep ocean could be as important to climate change as other hypotheses – tectonic activity or a drop in the carbon dioxide level – and likely led to one of the major climate transitions of the past 30 million years," says Yair Rosenthal, co-author and professor of marine and coastal sciences at Rutgers |
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A.M. Costa Rica's Fifth
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| San José, Costa Rica, Tuesday, Oct. 28, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 213 | |||||||
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| White House and three states feud over ebola quarantine By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control has issued a new set of guidelines on how to handle health care workers returning from ebola-affected countries of West Africa. The new guidelines come as the Obama administration clashes with state governments that have recently imposed quarantines on doctors and nurses who have been in ebola zones. White House spokesman Josh Earnest did not go as far as openly criticizing the governments of states like New York and New Jersey for requiring health workers coming from ebola zones to be quarantined. But he said any policy meant to protect Americans from ebola should be based on science and should also consider the wider implications. “We want to make sure that whatever policies are put in place in this country to protect the American public do not serve as a disincentive to doctors and nurses from this country volunteering to travel to West Africa to treat ebola patients," said Earnest. Earnest said people like Kaci Hickox are heroic. Ms. Hickox is the nurse who was quarantined in a tent by the U.S. state of New Jersey after she came back from working with ebola patients in West Africa. The case triggered outrage among some medical experts who criticized the measure as inhumane and unnecessary. Meanwhile, a 5-year-old boy in New York tested negative for ebola after arriving from Guinea with a low-grade fever. The Obama administration has resisted calls for a travel ban or quarantines, saying the measures would hinder efforts to fight the disease at its source in West Africa. The guidelines released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are only recommendations, and the federal government cannot force the states to adopt them. Under U.S. law, federal authorities can detain, examine, and release people arriving in the U.S. who are suspected of carrying communicable diseases, but only the states have authority to enforce isolation and quarantine laws. The question came up Monday on whether Samantha Power, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, will be scrutinized upon her return after visiting ebola-afflicted nations. Officials said Ms. Power will abide by the health laws of the state in which she lands, but they noted she may not be subject to quarantine since she is not a health worker. State Department spokeswoman Jen Psaki Monday said Ambassador Power’s delegation did not have contact with people infected with ebola. “She is not visiting any ebola treatment units. They are observing all hand-washing protocols and doing temperature screenings multiple times a day," said Ms. Psaki. The U.S. military has already provided hundreds of troops to help fight the spread of ebola in West Africa, and this week another 22 are leaving their families and friends in Maryland to join that fight. Members of the Army's 1st Area Medical Laboratory unit like to call themselves soldier scientists. Their commander, Col. Patrick Garman, said his team is trained and ready for Liberia. "We have a lot of young soldiers. This might be their first deployment. They're very excited. I think they feel confident in their abilities, and they really want to get over there and show what they can do and help the situation," said Garman. Andi Cohoon, a medical lab specialist for the Army, said she's always wanted the chance to do humanitarian work. But, she added, leaving her family to fight a deadly disease will be hard. "My mom is slightly worried, just like a mother should be, but more than that I think she's proud of me and I really thank her for all her support," said MS. Cohoon. Some of the unit will work in Monrovia, while other three-person teams will work in mobile laboratories set up across Liberia. World Bank cites advances fighting corruption in 2014 By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
A new report from the World Bank’s anti-corruption Integrity Vice Presidency says that while there have been advances against transnational corruption over the past year more needs to be done to fight illicit activities. In his letter prefacing the Integrity Vice Presidency Annual Update for fiscal year 2014, World Bank President Jim Yong Kim said his organization is working vigorously with nations to strengthen their laws and other anti-corruption safeguards. ”World Bank Group support to country-led efforts is critical to turning the tide against corruption once and for all,” Kim said. “We will provide tools and that transform ideas into action, diffuse knowledge across the globe on what works and why, and help countries adopt successful strategies.” The report said that one of the most significant hindrances to combatting corruption is the ability of lawbreakers to move money around the world quickly and opaquely. “One major challenge is stopping the flow of the proceeds of corruption,” Kim wrote. “When money is stolen through corruption in one country, it often finds its way across borders into financial safe havens.” The World Bank president said that stopping this involves nations acting both cooperatively and with transparency. “When corruption hunters try to trace and recover these illicit proceeds,” Kim said, “jurisdictional hurdles and financial secrecy often stymie their efforts.” In compiling this report, the Integrity Vice Presidency, known by the acronym INT, incorporated statements from a number of top officials and anti-corruption leaders supporting multinational action. The secretary-general of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Mexico’s Angel Guerria, said that the “G20” group of major nations has formed an anti-corruption working group. “This marks the recognition that fight against corruption is a global challenge and cannot be tackled in isolation,” Guerria said. Nigeria’s Finance Minister, Ngozi Okonjo-Lweala, is quoted in the INT report as saying, “The anti-corruption movement has taken a much more global turn since the 2008 financial crisis because many people now accept that greed and corruption were key ingredients underpinning the crisis.” The World Bank traces much of its present anti-corruption efforts to one of its former presidents, Paul Wolfensohn, who, in a speech before the bank’s 1996 annual meeting, said that a cancer of corruption was eating away at the integrity of nations and organizations. In 1999, the World Bank opened its Office of Suspension and Debarment, now headed by Pascale Dubois, as a means of fighting the misuse of the millions of dollars loaned to nations for development. Debarment means being banned from World Bank-funded contracts, and observers say this office has provided a strong incentive against corruption. The 2014 INT Annual Report positions the World Bank as a solutions bank – a resource for anti-corruption initiatives. Those solutions include “addressing fraud and corruption when sanctions are not an option” and “encouraging stronger legislation in countries” along with their having “more robust regulatory bodies.” “A legacy of violence, weak institutions, and many other challenges make it extremely difficult” to make effective progress while suppressing corruption,” the report said. The INT report calls for compensating those who have been victimized by corruption and developing better ways to protect and support the vulnerable, including so-called whistleblowers, who uncover and report improper practices and activities. Reacting to the report, Daniel Dudis, a policy analysts for the corruption watchdog Transparency International in Washington, said: “Corruption thrives where governance and the rule of law are weak, and we are therefore very hopeful that the bank’s creation of a global governance practice will translate into increased bank resources being devoted to improving governance and the rule of law in borrower countries.” Canadian prime minister seeks to beef up terrorism law By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Canada’s prime minister says parliament must expand the powers of the country’s spy agency to track terror suspects abroad, and to detain people in the country suspected of plotting attacks, and he says he'll press for speedy approval. The push by Stephen Harper to give the Canadian Security Intelligence Service more power to do surveillance follows attacks in Ottawa and near Montreal this week that killed two soldiers. Friday, the opposition leader, Thomas Mulcair, was quoted as saying that his party will consider changes to the 1984 Canadian Security Intelligence Service Act. Mulcair said the New Democratic Party is “willing to cooperate with the government to move legislation through, but that does not mean it will support anything the Tories want.” The conservative government is expected to introduce legislation to expand the spy agency’s investigative authorities next week. Similar legislation was supposed to be introduced last Wednesday, when parliament was interrupted by the gunman, who entered the legislative building after he shot and killed a Canadian soldier at a nearby war memorial. Justice Minister Peter MacKay said the revised legislation would go beyond the scope of the earlier bill that was never introduced. MacKay also said the government is looking for a way under current law to take pre-emptive action, specifically in the area of terrorism. "Our laws and police powers need to be strengthened in the area of surveillance, detention and arrest," Harper told the House of Commons Friday. "They need to be much strengthened. I assure members that work which is already underway will be expedited." New devices give forecasters better look at weather trends By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Severe storms that cause heavy damage throughout the world are a reminder of how important it is to be able to predict the weather. A meteorological exhibition in Brussels earlier this month featured the latest technology to help improve the ability to forecast the weather and better prepare for its effects. Oct. 17 Hurricane Gonzalo hit the island of Bermuda, knocking down trees and power lines, and making roads and streets impassable. The damage was substantial. But thanks to early warnings from forecasters, residents were able to prepare and no deaths or serious injuries were reported. Scientists say weather systems are notoriously hard to predict because so many variables have to be taken into account. But increasingly sophisticated algorithms and accessibility to supercomputers are making weather prediction much easier. The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration says its new storm prediction system, called NEIS, collects millions of data points from all over the world to create a four-dimensional model of the world’s weather. Agency director Alexander MacDonald said the storms created by the computer model are very similar to real ones that have been observed in recent years. “So this really shows the skill that we are developing, when we run a computer model and Mother Nature does the same thing with the real world and they are pretty alike. We are excited a lot about these improvements,” said MacDonald. Air pollution is another modern calamity that affects large cities and industrial areas. So its adverse effect on health also makes its timely measurement important. Alan Taylor, Director of the Britain-based company Turnkey Instruments, said their device, called Topas, uses lasers to monitor the air for particulates. But, he said, providing accurate measurement does not solve the problem. “It's what cities do about it when they know about it. Do they stop traffic going through, do they stop trucks going through? So we can get that information, but what the city does with that information is a different situation,” said Taylor. Even in cities that do not have pollution problems, it is important to measure other atmospheric conditions, like the level of pollen, which can make life miserable for those who are allergic to it. University of Geneva research team leader Svetlana Afonina said their new instrument, called Plair, uses an optical detector with ultraviolet laser technology. “The device is highly specific and allows identification of different kind of particles in the atmosphere. We are able to measure and detect different species of pollen in the real time,” said Ms. Afonina. The Brussels exhibition, now in its fifth year, drew more than 2,500 people from around the world to see the latest weather and climate change forecasting technology. Lockheed Martin contends it will have a fusion reactor By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
The recent announcement from technological giant Lockheed Martin that it is perfecting a fusion reactor that it says will be functioning in three years has been met with skepticism. Other researchers say that nuclear fusion as a sustainable source of power will not be achievable for decades. Nuclear power was once thought to be the future of cheap electricity production. Today's reactors create power through fission, splitting the nuclei of heavy radioactive elements. But after several accidents, most notably the 1986 explosion and meltdown of one of the reactors in Chernobyl, the public perception of nuclear power began to change. Generating nuclear power is safe only while under strict control, with adequate shielding and temperature management. Otherwise, the reactor’s core becomes too hot and explodes, contaminating the surrounding air, water and soil with long lasting radioactivity. However, scientists have not abandoned the dream of harnessing the huge amount of energy released by atoms when they change their properties. And fusion, the opposite nuclear process of fission, still holds the promise of an equally cheap but exponentially safer source of energy. It is the process that powers stars, fusing two atomic nuclei to release energy. David Ingram, chairman of the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Ohio University, said the difficulty of harnessing nuclear fusion is that it requires a temperature as high as the surface of the sun in order to occur. “The only way to do that is with either in fairly sophisticated magnetic fields or using a laser-driven system like the National Ignition Facility,” he said. Ingram said that Lockheed appears to be taking a different approach — using a ‘magnetic mirror’ to confine the hot, electrically charged particles inside the reactor. The fuel that powers fusion — a harmless mix of two hydrogen isotopes, deuterium and tritium — is abundant, and Ingram says that will make fusion reactors much less expensive to operate than the reactors now in use. And he said they contain a million times more energy than the equal amount of coal. Fusion reactors are also safer, said Michael Allen, an expert on nuclear power security at Middle Tennessee State University. “There’s no residual decay heat or radioactive fission products, said Allen, an engineering technology professor. “If the power goes off, it just shuts down. Also, it’s inherently safer because you cannot use it for nuclear weapons, as there’s no buildup of uranium or plutonium.” Almost all of the world’s 400 fission reactors are close to the end of their lifetimes. While they operate, coal-fired facilities put carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, creating pollution. So, Allen says, replacing them with new fusion technology can't happen soon enough. Both the U.S. and European Union have been experimenting with fusion reactors; researchers say they do not expect them to be operational for decades. However, Lockheed Martin says it may have a functioning prototype by 2017 and a marketable version by 2022. The new reactor is being developed by the company's secretive Advanced Development Programs Division called Skunk Works. Researchers there were responsible for building such advanced aircraft as the SR-71 Blackbird and F-22 Raptor, which, Ingram said, gives them a degree of credibility. “To be fair to them, the Skunk Works at Lockheed has been very successful in the past at projects like this,” Ingram said. Expert Allen also thinks that Lockheed would have not gone public and applied for a patent for its fusion reaction unless they had some evidence that it would work. And if it does, he said, it’s going to be huge. “It’s going to be one of the biggest things that have ever happened to the mankind. It will be right up there with the invention of electricity, the invention of internal combustion engine, with the invention of PC, personal computers that we all have at home, the invention of the Internet," he said. |
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| A.M. Costa Rica's sixth news page |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Tuesday, Oct. 28, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 213 | |||||||||
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 Servicio de Vigilancia Aérea photo
A father clutches his
7-year-old daughter as they begin anemergency flight Monday to Hospitial William Allen White in Cartago from China Kichá near Pérez Zeldón. The child suffered a bite from a poisonous snake. Officials to China seeking Ruta 32 deal By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The minister and a vice minster of public works are off to China in an effort to renegotiate a contract for rebuilding Ruta 32, the main highway that carries imports and exports to Limón. The are Carlos Segnini, the minister of Obras Públicas and Transportes, and Mauricio González, a vice minister of infrastructure. They will be meeting with representatives of China Harbour Engineering Co. and the Chinese Import and Export Bank. The Chinese executives made the proposal during the previous administration, and immediately there were objections. For example, the ruling contract was supposed to be in Chinese. In addition, there was no design work done to enable officials to determine if the Chinese price of $437 million was appropriate. The contract was supposed to be denominated in Chinese currency. Hawaiian homes
threatened by lava
By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
A 50-meter-wide river of lava is creeping down a mountainside in the U.S. island state of Hawaii, threatening to scorch homes directly in its path. Geologists say the front of the flow is 70 meters from the town of Pahoa and could reach it within the next day. The village's roughly 1,000 residents have fled what officials said is the inevitable arrival of the chest-high, 2,000 degree molten stream bubbling from the Kilauea volcano. Authorities have told thousands more to prepare for evacuation. The Red Cross said it is opening a shelter for residents who are at risk. The historic former sugar plantation with small shops and homes is on Hawaii's Big Island, the largest of the eight main islands that make up the Pacific U.S. state. The flow threatening the town began June 27, but Kilauea Volcano has been erupting continuously since 1983. |
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| From Page 7: Country praised for its energy policy By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
Costa Rica received praise from the president of the European Investment Bank at a meeting of business leaders from Latin America and Europe in Germany Monday. The banker, Werner Hoyer, held up Costa Rica as an example of innovation with renewable energy, according to a summary from the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto. In the coming years, Costa Rica will get 100 percent of its energy from sustainable sources, said Hoyer. And the country will serve as an example for other countries to do the same, he said. |
