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A.M. Costa Rica's Second news page |
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San
José, Costa Rica, Friday, Oct. 10, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 201
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European arrival
is a hot academic topic
By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The first voyage of Columbus is enshrined in the history books as the discovery of America. He even visited what is now Limón briefly. And there is a day in his name Sunday. But more and more the evidence is building that Columbus was a late comer and one of a long line of explorers from other continents who located the Americas. Scholars disagree if the Vikings established permanent settlements, and they argue about it amicably. But if something akin to a fist fight is wanted, throw out a suggestion to a bunch of archaeologists that Europeans, modern humans, may have crossed the ice or the frigid Atlantic to enter America 20,000 years ago. There have been some stone tools found that bear a great similarity to those fashioned in what is now France. That theory got a boost when U.S. Public Broadcasting aired a show depicting early humans traveling from Europe to the New World. These are the Solutrean, a people well documented by many sites in France and Spain. Some researchers go even further to say that the Solutrean were the ancestors of the Clovis people, the big animal hunters who left evidence in about every U.S. state and who fashioned a unique spearpoint. Those who support these theories about Europeans are mavericks, perhaps outcasts, in the anthropological and archaeological communities. Most academics and professionals adhere to the theory that America was settled by Asians who crossed a land bridge into Alaska when the seas were low and then eventually spread into the rest of the Americas about 9,000 years ago. Science moves slowly, and old theories are defended even in the face of new evidence. After all, it took decades for geologists to accept the concept of plate tectonics, despite the obvious mirroring of the African and South American continents. For a real battle, though, there are serious academics who have evidence they interpret to mean that there were humans in the Americas 200,000 to 400,000 year ago. They have excavated sites in México and in the United States that seem to lead to this conclusion. They are shunned. Development bank concept get final OK By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The legislature approved for the second and final time Thursday a bill to reform and restructure the Sistema de Banca para el Desarrollo to benefit small and medium producers and businesses. The measure really is a mixture of legislation that is designed to provide incentives for companies for development. Candidate
axed for not speaking Navajo
By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
A Navajo court has disqualified a tribal presidential candidate running for the top elected post on the largest U.S. Indian reservation because he has refused to demonstrate his fluency in the Navajo language. Chris Deschene, a U.S. Naval Academy graduate and a lawyer, refused to answer questions in the Navajo language Thursday at a hearing in Arizona. A tribal election law requires Navajo presidential candidates to speak Navajo fluently. Deschene said it is not fair that he is being singled out for his language ability. Richie Nez, a tribal hearing officer, said he had no choice but to rule against Deschene because he refused to answer questions in Navajo. Deschene, who has been campaigning for the November general election, said he will appeal the decision to the tribe's Supreme Court. Two of Deschene's opponents in the primary election challenged his candidacy. Deschene said he is hopeful the tribal supreme court considers the people who voted for him in the primary and a traditional law that says Navajos have the right to choose their leaders.
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A.M. Costa Rica Third News Page |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Friday, Oct. 10, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 201 | |
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 EFE
photo
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Fascist buddies Adolf Hitler and Francisco Franco are pictured during the Spanish dictator's visit to the French border in October 1940. Germany gave Franco strong support during the Spanish Civil War, as readers of Ernest Hemingway will remember. So will those who have had their emotions stirred by Pablo Picasso's horrific painting 'Gurnica.' EFE reports that recent examination shows that the photo was manipulated to show Hitler static instead of walking and to give Franco a more expressive face. |
| Spanish news agency celebrates 75 years with 75 historic
photos |
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By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
There is no doubt that photography is an art form. The photographer really does not know what the final shot will be until the button is pressed. Much has been written about the philosophy and psychology of that moment. News photography has the additional element of haste. Some suggest famous news photos are the result of a lucky accident. But some photographers seem to be lucky most of the time. The secret is anticipation. The Spanish news agency Agencia de Noticias EFE has had more than its share of lucky accidents. Some 75 historic photos will be on display at the Museo Nacional as the news service marks its 75th anniversary. The agency began business in Spain in 1939, just in time for its photographer to catch Adolf Hitler with dictator Francisco Franco the following October strolling together. Since then the news service has covered nearly every worthwhile world event. The agency, which goes by the name EFE, is not well known to English speakers because of its concentration on European and Latin American news in Spanish. Those who read La Nación or other newspapers here see the firm's efforts every day. The news service has been engaged actively in Latin America for 25 years, hence the name of the exhibit: “EFE: 75 años en fotos. 25 años construyendo América Latina.” Photography, of course, transcends language, so the exhibit does not require advanced Spanish. The agency notes that it fully covered the Spanish monarchy, the 2010 earthquake in Haiti and the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacked in the United States. Other photos show the Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., the Late Cuban singer Celia Cruz; Mario Moreno, the late Mexican comic actor known as Cantinflas; Fidel Castro; former Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez, and right up to the exchange of power when Luis |
 EFE photo
It looks like Mario Moreno in
his persona as Cantinflas is about to have another encounter with a
bull.Guillermo Solís took office in May. There also are ample scenic and sports photos, the museum said. The concept of constructing Latin America in the title of the exhibition refers to the many photos of infrastructure presented by EFE. These include the Panamá Canal and the hydro project Itaipú, the biggest in the world on the border of Brazil and Paraguay. The news agency said it now has 3,000 correspondents in 120 countries. There is an office in San José. |
| Drug suspect is sure to believe that there is no place like
home |
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By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
A narcotics suspect picked the wrong time to pick a fight with his mom. The man had been the subject of an arrest warrant since Aug. 22, but police said that he managed to hide successfully in his mother's home in Alajuelita for nearly two months |
Officers said they
had an idea he might be there and kept the house under periodic
surveillance. So Wednesday night after what police said was strong discussion with his mother, the man left the home for the street. There is a suggestion that he was kicked out of the home. Police were waiting and took him into custody. |
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| A.M. Costa Rica's Fourth News page | |||||
| San José, Costa Rica, Friday, Oct. 10, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 201 | |||||
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| Researchers say they built an
economically viable fusion reactor |
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By
the University of Washington news staff
Fusion energy almost sounds too good to be true – zero greenhouse gas emissions, no long-lived radioactive waste, a nearly unlimited fuel supply. Perhaps the biggest roadblock to adopting fusion energy is that the economics haven’t penciled out. Fusion power designs aren’t cheap enough to outperform systems that use fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas. University of Washington engineers hope to change that. They have designed a concept for a fusion reactor that, when scaled up to the size of a large electrical power plant, would rival costs for a new coal-fired plant with similar electrical output. The team published its reactor design and cost-analysis findings last spring and will present results Oct. 17 at the International Atomic Energy Agency’s Fusion Energy Conference in St. Petersburg, Russia. “Right now, this design has the greatest potential of producing economical fusion power of any current concept,” said Thomas Jarboe, a professor of aeronautics and astronautics and an adjunct professor in physics. The university's reactor, called the dynomak, started as a class project taught by Jarboe two years ago. After the class ended, Jarboe and doctoral student Derek Sutherland, who previously worked on a reactor design at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, continued to develop and refine the concept. The design builds on existing technology and creates a magnetic field within a closed space to hold plasma in place long enough for fusion to occur, allowing the hot plasma to react and burn. The reactor itself would be largely self-sustaining, meaning it would continuously heat the plasma to maintain thermonuclear conditions. Heat generated from the reactor would heat up a coolant that is used to spin a turbine and generate electricity, similar to how a typical power reactor works. “This is a much more elegant solution because the medium in which you generate fusion is the medium in which you’re also driving all the current required to confine it,” Sutherland said. There are several ways to create a magnetic field, which is crucial to keeping a fusion reactor going. The university's design is known as a spheromak, meaning it generates the majority of magnetic fields by driving electrical currents into the plasma itself. This reduces the amount of required materials and actually allows researchers to shrink the overall size of the reactor. Other designs, such as the experimental fusion reactor project that’s currently being built in France – called Iter – have to be much larger |
 University of Washington photo
The UW’s current fusion
experiment, HIT-SI, is about one-tenth the size of the power-producing
dynomak concept.because they rely on superconducting coils that circle around the outside of the device to provide a similar magnetic field. When compared with the fusion reactor concept in France, the university's is much less expensive – roughly one-tenth the cost of Iter – while producing five times the amount of energy. The researchers factored the cost of building a fusion reactor power plant using their design and compared that with building a coal power plant. They used a metric called overnight capital costs, which includes all costs, particularly startup infrastructure fees. A fusion power plant producing 1 gigawatt (1 billion watts) of power would cost $2.7 billion, while a coal plant of the same output would cost $2.8 billion, according to their analysis. “If we do invest in this type of fusion, we could be rewarded because the commercial reactor unit already looks economical,” Sutherland said. “It’s very exciting.” Right now, the concept is about one-tenth the size and power output of a final product, which is still years away. The researchers have successfully tested the prototype’s ability to sustain a plasma efficiently, and as they further develop and expand the size of the device they can ramp up to higher-temperature plasma and get significant fusion power output. |
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Costa Rica's world class medical specialists are at your command. Get the top care for much less than U.S. prices. It is really a great way to spend a vacation. See our list of recommended professionals HERE!amcr-prom
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A.M. Costa Rica's Fifth
news page
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| San José, Costa Rica, Friday, Oct. 10, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 201 | |||||||
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| Disease control centers chief equates ebola to HIV/AIDS By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
A top U.S. health official says ebola is the biggest world health crisis since HIV/AIDS. Thomas Frieden spoke Thursday at World Bank headquarters in Washington during a meeting on the ebola outbreak that has crippled three West African nations and has been detected in several other countries. Frieden, who leads the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, predicted the fight to wipe out the disease will be a long one because the virus keeps changing. He said the only outbreak he has seen resembling the current one is AIDS, and he added that the world community must work hard so this is not the next AIDS. Meanwhile, fears are growing in the United States about ebola with about 200 airline cabin cleaners walking off the job in New York and some lawmakers demanding the government ban travelers from the West African countries hit hardest by the virus. "The nation is frightened, and people are frightened of this disease,'' the U.S. cabinet secretary for health, Sylvia Burwell, said on Thursday, a day after the death in Texas of the first person to be diagnosed with ebola in the United States. As the government prepares to start screening passengers from West Africa for fever at five major airports over the next week, cleaners at New York's LaGuardia Airport on Thursday stopped work in protest over what they say is insufficient protection for workers whose jobs include cleaning up vomit and bathrooms. The ebola virus causes hemorrhagic fever and is spread through direct contact with body fluids from an infected person, who would suffer severe bouts of vomiting and diarrhea. "We are always with feces and near garbage,'' Sharekul Islam, 20, whose job cleaning airplane cabins at New York's John F. Kennedy airport regularly exposes him to the type of waste and fluids that can transmit ebola. Twenty-three Republican and three Democratic members of the U.S. House of Representatives signed a letter to President Barack Obama asking the State Department to impose a travel ban and restrict visas issued to citizens of Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. In the letter, dated Oct. 8, they also asked U.S. health and border control officials to consider quarantine for anyone who arrives from the affected nations after being exposed to ebola until 21 days have passed, the period in which they would show signs of the illness. It said the World Health Organization "is an organization of unelected bureaucrats and political appointees of foreign countries. It has no duty to protect the lives and well-being of Americans, as you do." Separately in Washington, Republicans in the House agreed to release $700 million more to fight ebola from the Defense Department's request to shift $1 billion in war funds, bringing the total so far to $750 million. U.S. health officials, while answering questions about mistakes in the treatment of Liberian man Thomas Eric Duncan in Dallas and overall preparedness for ebola patients, have emphasized the need to tackle the virus at its source in West Africa. U, N, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said the world needs a twentyfold resource mobilization to deal with the ebola outbreak in West Africa. Ban spoke Thursday in Washington at the same World bank meeting as Frieden, a gathering that included high-level officials and the presidents of the hardest-hit nations -- Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone -- via videoconference. Ban said a surge in assistance should include mobile labs, vehicles, helicopters, protective equipment, trained medical personnel, and medical evacuation capacities. World Bank Group President Jim Yong Kim told the group that unless the ebola virus outbreak is contained and stopped quickly, "nothing less than the future of Africa is at stake." Kim said there is a critical need for more trained health care workers in the affected nations. World Health said ebola has killed more than 230 health workers in West African this year. Kim said participants in Thursday's meeting will discuss what concrete actions can be taken to help the affected nations speed up efforts to fight the epidemic and temper its long-term effects on the economy. In Australia, a nurse is undergoing medical tests after showing possible signs of ebola, as the international community continues efforts to limit the outbreak of the virus. Queensland state chief health officer Jeanette Young said the 57-year-old woman developed a low-grade fever shortly after returning from Sierra Leone, where she was working with ebola patients. "She came back into the country, she was perfectly well at that time. She did not have any symptoms, she did not have a fever. So it's only since this morning that she's had a low-grade fever," Young said. "She has not been out in the community in Cairns. She has been at home, isolated in her own home, testing herself." Test results are expected to be released today. Ms. Young stressed that even if the woman does have ebola, there is no reason for the public to be concerned about an outbreak. The health of a Spanish nurse with ebola worsened Thursday and four other people were put into isolation in Madrid, while the country's government rejected claims its methods for dealing with the disease weren't working and blamed human error. The nurse, Teresa Romero, 44, is the first person to have contracted ebola outside of Africa after becoming infected by a Spanish priest repatriated from Africa with the disease. In total seven people are in isolation, though only Ms. Romero has tested positive for ebola. The others include the nurse's husband and two doctors who cared for her. Three other people were released from the isolation unit late on Wednesday after testing negative. A health official at the Carlos III Hospital where Ms. Romero is being treated said Thursday: "Her clinical situation has deteriorated, but I can't give any more information due to the express wishes of the patient." Enhanced screening for travelers from Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone will begin Saturday at JFK International Airport in New York. The screening measures will be introduced next week at four others, Hartsfield-Jackson in Atlanta, Newark International Airport in Newark, New Jersey, O'Hare in Chicago, and Washington's Dulles Airport. British officials said they will start enhanced screening of passengers arriving from West Africa at two London airports and the Eurostar train station while in Macedonia a suspected ebola death of a British man was reported. Macedonian hospital officials say the victim showed symptoms of ebola, including fever, vomiting, and internal bleeding. Those who brought him to the hospital are in isolation and his Skopje hotel has been sealed off. It is unclear if the man was in Africa before heading to Macedonia. World Health said 3,865 people had died by the end of Oct 5. The figures represent the total of ebola deaths notified by the countries hit by the virus, but World Health says the figures are under-reported and the true totals are much higher. Thrombosis gets own week to help educate the public By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Thrombosis is the world's third leading cause of cardiovascular death after heart attack and stroke, but most people have never heard of it. Medical experts hope that will change after Monday, which they have declared World Thrombosis Day. An estimated one to three people per one thousand develop venous thromboembolism, caused by a blood clot in the leg. The danger occurs if the clot, unnoticed, travels to the lungs and chokes off blood flow. Gary Raskob is with the University of Oklahoma Health Center’s College of Public Health, and is chairman of the World Thrombosis Day Steering Committee, which is highlighting the dangers of thrombosis. “In about a third of the cases and most of the deaths, the initial presentation is sudden death. And for that reason, prevention is the key to reducing death from this condition,” said Raskob. Venous thromboembolism is sometimes called the sitting disease because a clot usually develops when people are inactive for a long period of time, such as when they are sitting on an airplane or in a wheelchair, or recovering from surgery in the hospital. Other risk factors include cancer and medications containing the hormone estrogen. Raskob said individuals with concerns should speak with their health care providers and know the symptoms. “For clots in the legs, pain, tenderness or swelling, redness or warmth of the leg. And for crossing the lungs, shortness of breath, chest pain, rapid breathing, a sudden rapid heart rate, or sometimes collapse or passing out of the patient if it’s a very big embolism,” said Raskob. The International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis is leading the global awareness effort to educate the public about the potentially deadly blood clots. World Thrombosis Day is being recognized by more than 100 medical and patient organizations. Five journals, including The Lancet, are publishing comprehensive reviews about the global burden of thrombosis. Raskob says early recognition is very important, because anti-clotting drugs are very effective in treating this silent killer.  Voice of America photo
Philippe Parola begins to
prepare an Asian carp.Diners explore
special menu
consisting of invasive species By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
International travel and trade has had an unwelcome side effect in terms of spreading weeds, pests and non-native fish and animals. Traditional eradication methods include herbicide spraying, biological controls, targeted hunting or removal by hand. In the northwestern state of Oregon recently, another control method saw a brief revival: namely, cooking and eating them. Creative chefs and more than 200 adventurous diners converged on a banquet hall at an Oregon vineyard to nibble on course after course of invasive species. Chef Matt Bennett of Albany, Oregon, had prepared piquillo pepper stuffed with crayfish, dandelion green spanakopita and house-made wild boar sausage cooked with Sky High Brewing's Berry Invasive Ale. And those were just the appetizers. Still to come... buttermilk-fried bullfrog legs, braised wild boar with Himalayan blackberry glaze and Asian carp boulettes. None of those are native to the American northwest. Diners Rosamaria and Greg Mann sampled deep-fried nutria. That's a rodent native to South America, where it's known as coipo. However, this one was trapped locally. Rosamaria declared it "a little chewy, but tasty." Greg also enjoyed it, and found it "a little more tender than rabbit." The point of this affair was to highlight the range of edible invasive weeds, birds, fish and mammals. These invaders are costly to control. They crowd out native plants and animals and can change entire landscapes. The title of this annual dinner is "Eradication by Mastication." But even the group putting on the gala, the Institute for Applied Ecology, admits you can't get rid of the invaders by eating them. “The problem is too big for that," said its director, Tom Kaye. "And also, the parts of some of these things that we eat - some of the plants - if we, say for example, collect blackberries, that does not eradicate blackberries. You need to mow them or do more in order to get blackberries out." But one of the celebrity chefs on hand made an energetic case for the culinary approach. Philippe Parola from Louisiana demonstrated for a rapt audience how to butcher a nutria and fillet an enormous carp, and said harvest pressure could keep invaders like this in check. “When I hear 'cooking the problem is not the solution,' well, I'm not saying it is the solution," he said. "But it can be a part of the solution. If you give us a chance and work with us, I guarantee you we can make it a heck of a solution." The big three Parola would like to see on more than a few U.S. menus are: nutria, Asian carp and feral pigs. In North America, imported nutria escaped from fur farms and now are causing widespread environmental damage. Meanwhile, federal and state agencies in the American Midwest are spending tens of millions of dollars per year to control the spread of several Asian carp species, hoping to keep them out of the Great Lakes. Wild pigs, which carry diseases and parasites, threaten livestock and damage crops, are now found in 45 states. But Wyatt Williams, a member of the Oregon Invasive Species Council, hopes the exotic entrees don't get too popular on dinner plates. “If people start to get a taste for Asian carp," he reflected, "then perhaps it could be turned into a fishery, and maybe become popular, and people won't want them to be eradicated." Meat inspection and public health rules present another hurdle when it comes to wild game in particular. If an American consumer or restaurant wanted to buy wild boar chops or nutria nuggets, they'd have a hard time finding them. As several of the chefs at this invasive species dinner noted, the food safety system in the U.S. is not set up to handle wild-harvested meat. Baby Doc will not get a state funeral in Haiti By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Former Haitian self-proclaimed president-for-life Jean-Claude Duvalier, known as Baby Doc, will receive no formal state funeral. Instead. the brutal and corrupt Caribbean dictator will be remembered during a private ceremony Saturday at the chapel of a Catholic school he once attended in Port-au-Prince. Duvalier's lawyer, Reynold Georges, said until recently the government of Haiti under President Michel Martelly was telling him it would give Duvalier an official state funeral. When the 63-year-old Baby Doc died, Martelly tweeted that Duvalier was an authentic son of Haiti. Officials have said publicly that no decision was ever made on a formal state funeral for Duvalier. He was ousted during a popular uprising in 1986 and later returned to Haiti in 2011 after 25 years in exile. At the time of his death, Duvalier was under a criminal inquiry for human rights abuses and allegations of corruption. However, the former dictator continued to move freely about the country and was often seen dining in restaurants around the capital. |
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| A.M. Costa Rica's sixth news page |
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 Voice of America photo
A typical breadfruit
tree and fruit.Breadfruit
seen as key to cut poverty
By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
The Trees That Feed Foundation says in the last five years it has donated and planted 50,000 food-bearing trees in Haiti and Jamaica to combat hunger. A founding member of the U.S.-based foundation, Mike McLaughlin, said Thursday breadfruit trees produce a fruit substitute for flour, rice and potatoes, which are too expensive for many in the Caribbean to afford. A breadfruit tree costs about $15 and takes three years to reach a point where it can feed an entire family. According to McLaughlin, however, that is too much money and too long a wait for a poor farmer earning on average $2 a day. McLaughlin said every tree is a big deal, especially in Haiti, where he says a second tree means a cash crop for a farmer. A fully grown tree can produce anywhere from 250 to 300 pieces of fruit per year, but the number depends on rainfall, according to McLaughlin. He says one piece of breadfruit can sell for as much as $1. According to McLaughlin, the foundation continues to monitor the situation closely. Breadfruit is round with green skin. When cooked, it tastes similar to unleavened bread. McLaughlin says 80 percent of the world’s hungry reside in the tropics. Decaf coffee may help liver, too, study reports By
the John Wiley and Sons, Inc., news staff
Researchers from the National Cancer Institute report that decaffeinated coffee drinking may benefit liver health. Results of the study published in Hepatology, a journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, show that higher coffee consumption, regardless of caffeine content, was linked to lower levels of abnormal liver enzymes. This suggests that chemical compounds in coffee other than caffeine may help protect the liver. Previous studies found that coffee consumption may help lower the risk of developing diabetes, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. “Prior research found that drinking coffee may have a possible protective effect on the liver. However, the evidence is not clear if that benefit may extend to decaffeinated coffee,” explains lead researcher Qian Xiao from the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland. For the present study researchers used data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The study population included 27,793 participants, 20 years of age or older, who provided coffee intake in a 24-hour period. The team measured blood levels of several markers of liver function to determine liver health. 5.0 quake in southern zone By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
An earthquake with a 5.0 magnitude took place today 23 minute after midnight about three kilometers offshore from Pavon de Golfito, said the Laboratorio de Ingenieria Sismica at the Universidad de Costa Rica. Residents in much of the southern zone felt the shock. Ther were no immediate reports of damage. Quakes are common in this area,. Considering the location, the cause most certainly was the result of plate tectonics. |
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| From Page 7: European Central Bank plans to take control By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
A member of the Executive Board of Germany’s central bank, Deutsche Bundesbank, says in less than a month, the European Central Bank will assume direct supervision for 120 of Europe’s largest banks. At the Brookings Institute in Washington Wednesday, Andreas Dombret said 80 percent of the aggregated balance sheet of the euro-area banking system soon will be under a single regulator. Dombret said it is the biggest step toward European financial integration since the launch of the common currency, the euro. The European Central Bank says its new system of banking supervision will only take responsibility for banks that are defined as less-significant credit institutions. The European Central Bank says the system which begins operation in mid-November, will "ensure the safety and soundness of the European banking system and... increase financial integration and stability in Europe." Europe's banking system was criticized during the recent recession for being too decentralized to effectively stabilize the troubled economies of some member nations, notably Greece. The change will make the European Central Bank one of the world’s largest bank supervisors |
