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San
José, Costa Rica, Thursday, Sept. 10, 2015, Vol. 16, No. 179
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 The message of independence signed in
Guatemala Sept. 15, 1821
Archives offers
expo on independence
By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
There probably is no place in Costa Rica where history is lived more than at the Archivo Nacional. This is the location in Zapote where all the important documents are kept. In recognition of the Día de la Independencia Tuesday, the national archives is putting on an exhibition with the original documents relating to the separation from Spain. Included is the original copy of the message from Guatemalan officials proclaiming independence for Spanish holdings in Central America. Although Tuesday is independence day, a lot of the festivities take place the day before. That is the night when the torch of independence arrives at the meeting of the presidential cabinet in Cartago. It also is the night when Costa Ricans stand outside their homes or at the workplace and sing the national anthem exactly at 6 p.m. So archive workers will be outside the facility distributing to passersby reproductions of historic documents Monday morning. Inside there will be a parade featuring the band of the Liceo José Joaquín Vargas Calvo in San Pedro and students of the Escuela Juan Santamaría in Curridabat. Government following Florida murder case By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The foreign ministry reports that it is continuing to follow the case of Terence Valentine, a Costa Rican sentenced to death in Florida. The foreign ministry, the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto, made the statement after Sandra Piszk raised the issue again in the legislature Tuesday. Valentine was convicted in 1994 of murdering his ex-wife's husband and trying to kill his wife in Tampa, Florida, in 1988. The wife, Livia Romero, survived and implicated her former husband in the crime. The couple had moved from Costa Rica to the United States in 1975, but they divorced in 1986. The crime was unusually brutal. The husband, Ferdinand Porche, suffered a bullet wound that severed his spine. He then was dragged into the bedroom where he could see his nude and pregnant wife bound and gagged on the bed with her daughter, Giovanna, crying nearby. The police at the time said that Valentine began to beat and systematically torture the husband. Then he took both to the countryside where he shot them, police said. Later after his wife left the hospital, Valentine began to call her, and detectives taped the calls, which led to his conviction. Since then he has filed a multitude of appeals, and all were denied. One still is pending. Costa Rica presented a request for clemency in 2012. The legislator, Sandra Piszk, heads the Comisión de Derechos Humanos. She said that Valentine did not receive consular assistance during his trials. In addition she said that there is a report that the man's rights have been violated and that he suffered discrimination because he is black and a Latin American. Costa Rica abolished the death penalty in 1871. The night was a wet one in many places By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
Thunderstorms and heavy rains fell in various parts of the country even on to the early morning hours. At 3 a.m. San José registered 15.5 millimeters of rain, some .61 of an inch. The Instituto Meteorológico Nacional was predicting up to four times that amount in other parts of the country. The heaviest rains were expected on the Pacific coast. The rain was blamed on a low pressure system in the Pacific and the approaching tropical wave or low-pressure trough. The weather institute was predicting continued rain this morning on the Caribbean coast and in the northern zone with rain developing in the Pacific in the afternoon. Kissing bugs found to harbor deadly risk By the University of Texas at El Paso news
staff
A deadly parasite that causes Chagas disease is widespread in a common Texas insect, according to a new study by University of Texas at El Paso researchers. The finding suggests that the risk of Texans contracting the disease may be higher than previously thought. The parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes Chagas disease can be transmitted to humans by blood-sucking insects known as assassin bugs or kissing bugs. Unlike mosquitoes that transmit malaria through the bite, kissing bugs drop feces on the subject while filling up with blood. The feces, which are contaminated with the parasite, often lands in the bite wound. From there, it penetrates the bloodstream and affects the heart and gastrointestinal system. Curious to know the prevalence of T. cruzi in west Texas insects, biologists set traps to collect the bugs at the university’s Indio Mountains Research Station. The station sits about 100 miles north of the U.S.-Mexico border in Hudspeth County, Texas. In all, the researchers trapped 39 kissing bugs (Triatoma rubida) and tests revealed that 24 bugs or 61 percent were infected with T. cruzi. The findings were published in the journal Acta Tropica. “It surprised me that so many of them were carrying the parasite,” says Rosa A. Maldonado, an associate professor of biological sciences who led the study. “I was expecting to have some, but this is quite high.” Professor Maldonado adds that there’s a high rate of heart disease along the border and one of the causes could be Chagas disease. Thirty percent of people infected with the parasite develop life-threatening symptoms like heart rhythm abnormalities and difficult eating or passing a stool. The disease can also lead to an enlarged esophagus, colon and heart, and even, heart failure. “Doctors usually don’t consider Chagas disease when they diagnose patients, so they need to be aware of its prevalence here,” says Professor Maldonado. To prevent parasite transmission by the kissing bug, the biologist says it’s important to be aware of the presence of the bugs in the house and yard because pets like dogs and cats are also vulnerable. |
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A.M. Costa Rica Third News Page |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Thursday, Sept. 10, 2015, Vol. 16, No. 179 | |
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Happy Día The smiling faces are a few of some 800 youngsters who were treated to a puppet show at the Teatro Nacional Wednesday. They even recognized the Día del Niño y la Niña, as it is called by the Ministerio de Educación Pública. Students came from near and far. Officials at the Teatro Nacional said that the show was a good investment to encourage students to become involved in the arts. |
 Ministerio de Educación
Pública photo
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| Radar systems on Isla del Coco said to be about 70 percent
completed |
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By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The two radar setup on the Isla del Coco will be much more than an effort to reduce local illegal fishing. One will be involved with air navigation, and the other will scan the seas for drug boats as well as fishing ships. The $3 million project is about 70 percent finished, the government said Wednesday. The money for the project has come from agency budgets and other sources. The agencies involved are the Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía, the Compañía Nacional de Fuerza y Luz, the Ministerio de Seguridad Pública and the Ministerio de Obras Públicas y Transportes through its Dirección General de Aviación Civil. Money also came from the Corporación Centroamericana de Servicios de Navegación Aérea. |
The radar
will be able to identify aircraft and determine their
exact position. Officials said this is important because the island
being so distant in the Pacific will provide coverage where there is
none now. Power from the radar comes from two hydro generators on the island. The project calls for installing a tower 30 meters (nearly 100 feet) high on a mountain. Monday began the job of hooking up the electrical supply for the radar. The Compañía Nacional de Fuerza y Luz has had about 50 technicians on the island to do the job. The first radar system at Punta Presidio is scheduled to be finished in March. The island is a national park, and its location is about 550 kilometers (341 miles) west of Costa Rica's Pacific coast. |
| Caja union endorses call for personnel shakeup at Hospital
México |
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By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The union that represents public health workers has endorsed a legislative call for the removal of seven officials at Hospital México. The report that urged firing the top officials came from a special commission that was set up to investigate the hospital and, by extension, the entire Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social. The controversy grew out of revelations by cardiologist |
Sofía Bogantes
Ledezma, who said the waiting list was so
long patients were dying. The union is the Unión Nacional de Empleados de la Caja y la Seguridad Social. It said that for years it has been making complaints about the grave problems of infrastructure, personnel, equipment, negligence and inattention to duties. Among the seven the legislative commission said should be let go are Douglas Montero, the hospital director, and the chief of medicine and the person in charge of the waiting list. |
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| A.M. Costa Rica's Fourth News page | |||||
| San José, Costa Rica, Thursday, Sept. 10, 2015, Vol. 16, No. 179 | |||||
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| Intel chip helps players to customize the objects in their
computer games |
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By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
3-D printing, high-speed navigation and a magic mirror are some of the technologies that have come from new computer chips with advanced spatial sensing. Technology startups that have partnered with chip maker Intel showed off their products recently in San Francisco. In one demonstration, an imaging application scanned a toy bear to create a character for the popular game Minecraft. The three-dimensional image took shape on the computer screen in one of many new apps that lets users customize their games with a camera with an Intel chip called RealSense. “It looks at things in the visual spectrum as well as in the infrared spectrum,” said Mark Day, chief executive of the company voidALPHA, which developed the app Minescan. “It's bouncing infrared off, which is what gives things the volume. You could scan your face. You can scan toys, just pretty much any object,” said Day. Spatial modeling can be used to create 3-D images of people, in this case, using a laser to etch a portrait inside a block of glass. Nearby, a woman raises a tablet computer slowly and moves it above and around a man's head to gather the data for the portrait. The man's image takes shape in three dimensions on the screen, and a laser engraver creates the artwork. Viktor Erukhimov of the company Itseez3D, with offices in Russia and California, said his tablet-based software lets users put themselves into games. “I have a video of myself doing some soccer moves I would never be able to do myself,” he said. |
Another app
lets musicians play virtual instruments by moving their
arms through the air. A man waves and twists his hands to create a tune on a synthesizer, as a mechanical stringed instrument adds to the music. Yet another device, called a Memory Mirror, helps customers decide what clothes to buy as they pose in front of a smart display. Nadav Neufeld of the company MemoMi says it can sense the person's position and shape, “and change the color of whatever you're wearing, without you needing to actually change the color itself.” The Memory Mirror is now being used in several San Francisco branches of a department store. Intel's Natalie Cheung says a RealSense camera helps drones maneuver through obstacles while flying at high speed. “It can detect objects at a certain distance and talk to the autopilot on the drone,” Cheung explained, “and say, hey, you need to move away. The object is getting closer.” The same system is helping robots make deliveries to hotel rooms, and several autonomous robots from a company called Savioke are being used at hotels in San Francisco. Developers at this forum are working on other apps and high-tech products, ranging from the whimsical, a small flying camera, to more practical scanners that workers wear on their gloves to track factory inventory, that are now or may soon be on the market. |
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A.M. Costa Rica's Fifth news page |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Thursday, Sept. 10, 2015, Vol. 16, No. 179 | |||||||
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| Opposite views on Iran deal aired at Washington events By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Businessman Donald Trump teamed up with fellow Republican presidential hopeful Texas Sen. Ted Cruz and other major conservative figures at the U.S. Capitol for the Stop the Iran Nuclear Deal Rally Wednesday afternoon. Trump blasted the administration's efforts, saying, "Never ever, ever in my life have I seen a deal so incompetently negotiated as our deal with Iran. ... We are led by very, very stupid people. We cannot let it continue." Earlier in the day Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton said, if elected, she would impose penalties on Iran for even small violations of the nuclear deal and not hesitate to take military action if Tehran tried to obtain a nuclear weapon. "We should anticipate that Iran will test the next president. They'll want to see how far they can bend the rules," she said Wednesday in a speech at the Brookings Institution, a Washington research organization. The dueling campaign events underscore the deep political divide over the Iran agreement, which was reached in July and will provide Iran hundreds of billions of dollars in relief from international sanctions in exchange for a decade of constraints on Iran's nuclear program. Iran has repeatedly said their nuclear program is for peaceful purposes. The deal is opposed by every Republican presidential candidate, but supported by most of the major Democratic presidential hopefuls. Mrs. Clinton's remarks appear to go a step further than President Barack Obama, who has repeatedly vowed that a military option remains on the table if Iran does not abide by the deal. "I'll hold the line against Iranian noncompliance," Mrs. Clinton said. Speaking in defense of the deal negotiated by the U.S. and five other world powers, she said she would warn Iran: "The United States will never allow you to acquire a nuclear weapon." Now that the nuclear deal appears able to withstand a congressional challenge, Mrs. Clinton said, “We’ve got to start looking forward to what comes next . . . enforcing the deal. "We will take seriously every aspect of this agreement and we will expect them to comply," she added Mrs. Clinton supports the Iran deal as the best alternative to another U.S. war in the region. "Either we move forward on the path of diplomacy and block Iran's path to nuclear weapons, or we turn down a more dangerous path, leading to a far less certain and riskier future," she said. As thousands gathered outside the Capitol Wednesday for the Trump-Cruz rally, U.S. lawmakers resumed debate on the agreement, a day after 42 Senate Democrats said they would support the deal. That is enough to prevent a disapproval resolution from being passed in the Senate. Securing the votes means Obama will not likely be forced to follow through on his threat to use a veto against any resolution of disapproval of the deal. Cruz predicted the murder of countless Americans and Israelis should the proposed nuclear agreement with Iran go through. He told the crowd that the Democrats who now support the Iran nuclear deal “should pray and think very carefully about how they will answer the questions that come from the mother or father or son or daughter of the countless Americans and Europeans and Israelis that will be murdered by Hamas, by Hezbollah, by the Houthis, with the billions of dollars this administration is sending them.” Earlier inside the Capitol, Cruz told reporters, “If you are directly responsible for sending billions of dollars to jihadists who use those billions to murder Americans, you can't wash your hands of that blood.” In response to the rally outside the Capitol, Dick Durbin, the No. 2 Democrat in the Senate, said: "The other side can roll out their big guns on this if they wish, but, frankly, I think most members of the Senate Democratic Caucus are not going to be swayed by Mr. Trump, our colleague, Senator Cruz, or even a former vice president." Former Vice President Dick Cheney called the deal madness in an interview published Tuesday in The New York Times. Earlier Wednesday, Iran Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said any future talks with the U.S. will only deal with issues related to the nuclear deal reached with world powers, and not any other areas. In a statement on his Web site, Khamenei said, "We approved talks with the United States about nuclear issues specifically. In other areas, we did not and will not allow negotiations with the U.S." Negotiations on other issues would only provide an opportunity for the U.S. to influence Iran and impose their will, the ayatollah was quoted as saying. Iranian President Hassan Rouhani, who is seen as a moderate in comparison to the ayatollah, said Tuesday that Tehran was ready to hold talks with the U.S. on ways to resolve Syria's civil war. Khamenei's comments on Wednesday are seen as a possible response to that comment.  Voice of America photo
Apple CEO Tim Cook
discusses the new iPad during the Apple event in San Francisco, California. Apple
unveils bigger iPad
with keyboard and stylus By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Apple Wednesday unveiled its largest-ever tablet computer, the iPad Pro, complete with a new smart keyboard and an Apple Pencil stylus device aimed at business customers. Chief executive Tim Cook showed off the new iPad at the company's San Francisco media event, saying it is the biggest news in iPad since the iPad. The new iPad Pro, available for purchase in November and priced starting at $799, boosts CPU performance faster than 80 percent of the portable PCs shipped in the last year, said Apple Senior Vice President Phil Schiller. The company partnered with Cisco Systems and IBM to help power the iPad Pro, which he said has a 10-hour battery life and a 32.7 centimeter (12.9-inch) display compared to 24.6 centimeters (9.7 inches) for the current full-size iPad. While touch is still the primary method of input for the iPad, its screen was adapted for use with the new Apple Pencil, a stylus tool with highly responsive sensors built into its tip. Representatives of Apple's former rival, Microsoft, also took the stage to present the iPad Pro's productivity potential using Microsoft Office and other apps. A software update will enable iPads to run two apps side by side, something previously limited to Samsung and Windows tablets. Other companies showed off using the iPad Pro and the Apple Watch for creativity tasks and health care, including an app for doctors to show patients what's happening with 3-D graphics. Cameron Powell from AirStrip called the Apple Watch a game-changer for health care. The physician demonstrated how real-time feeds of heart rates and other measurements can be transmitted from a pregnant mother and her child remotely to a doctor. Cook also talked up the Apple Watch, saying customer satisfaction for the new product is 97 percent. He said a software update for the device, available as a free download starting next Wednesday, has enabled outside developers to write more sophisticated apps. Apple is working with French luxury goods maker Hermes on a new watch collection, and Facebook Messenger as well as iTranslate are coming to the device, he said. The company also unveiled the latest generation of iPhones, the 6S and 6S Plus, keeping the same overall dimensions of the last version, as well as a new, more powerful Apple TV. U.S. interest rate becomes the indicator to watch now By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
With worries over China’s slowing economy starting to recede, financial markets are beginning to shift their collective attention to U.S. monetary policy, specifically, interest rates. The Federal Reserve has kept its benchmark interest rates at record lows to boost growth during the recession. Given the slow but steady improvement in the U.S. economy, analysts say the question is not whether interest rates will rise, but when. Until the recent stock turmoil triggered by the slowdown in China, many expected a September rate hike. But uncertainty over global economic growth muddied the waters. Even job numbers showing U.S. unemployment at a seven-year low have not eased concerns, says Bankrate.com’s Mark Hamrick. “This August jobs report neither flashes a green light for the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates, nor does it flash a red light. Meaning, that it is still in this caution zone,” Hamrick said. The caution reflects the Fed’s dual mandate, full employment and stable prices. Hiking rates too soon could spark deflation and its ripple effects says Joseph Minarik, head of research at the Committee for Economic Development. “If the Federal Reserve raises interest rates too quickly and too much and deters demand, particularly for major purchases in the economy, the result can be a cascading reduction, starting with consumer demand going on to employment,” Minarik said. The International Monetary Fund urges the Fed to wait until at least next year. Spokesperson William Murray says the Fund believes “the Federal Reserve can afford to hold interest rates low until there are more tangible signs of wage or price inflation." But delay also carries risks. Among them are few policy options when the U.S. economy hits another downturn, says Joe Brusuelas, chief economist at financial consulting firm McGladrey. “The Fed needs, before this business cycle ends, to get the federal funds rate somewhere at or above 200 basis points (2 percent), so when the inevitable recession comes, they can have firepower.” But the Fed is keeping all options open. That's a worry for a market that likes certainty, says Maria Fiorini Ramirez at consulting firm MFR. “We’ve all been on pins and needles in terms of when they’re going to do it," she said. "So either they should say that because of weaker growth and all the other reasons that they eloquently discuss, say that 'we’re not going to do anything' or just do it and say: 'this is it for now.' ” Anyone seeking clarity will have to wait. No announcement is expected until after members of the Federal Open Market Committee meet next week. The Philippines to invite manufacturers of weapons By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
The Philippines ongoing territorial tensions with China have led it to try to modernize its military, which for years had one of the smallest budgets in Asia. The country is spending more on more advanced ships and planes, but it is also trying to entice arms manufacturers to set up shop locally. Each day 200,000 bullets are produced at the government arsenal. But it is not enough to supply the Philippine armed forces with the ammunition it requires. The facility’s director, Jonathan Martir, explained a plan to open a defense economic zone, a tax-free place for foreign arms manufacturers to make more and better weapons for the Philippines. “We’re going to achieve self-reliance simply because we’re going to manufacture here in the Philippines . . . imagine us manufacturing high level equipment, weaponry, that we’ve never manufactured before,” he said. Upgrading Manila's aging arsenal is just one part of the plan. Manila is also conducting joint exercises with Japanese and American forces, improving the country's ability to patrol and secure its thousands of remote islands. Beijing has built military outposts in parts of the South China Sea, known here as the West Philippine Sea. That includes a landing strip on a once-submerged reef. Both countries say they are trying to avoid confrontation, but Manila-based defense consultant Jose Antonio Custodio said there are no illusions about how the two-armed forces compare. “Against a country like China and the lack of any capabilities on the Philippine side, the west Philippines Sea installations can be overrun in barely half a day,” he said. The effort to try to make those forces more formidable is taking shape at government arsenal, even though some of the equipment here dates back to World War II. “The sorry state of our defense industry right now, even without the threat from the South China Sea, we still have to improve our capability to manufacture our own ammunition,” Martir stated. He added that the arsenal still needs presidential approval to allow foreign firms to make weapons here. Camerawoman who kicked refugees fired in Hungary By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
A Hungarian Internet television station has fired a camerawoman for deliberately tripping and kicking migrants fleeing police through a field Tuesday. The pro-nationalist N1TV said journalist Petra Laszlo behaved unacceptably and that her actions were shocking. The Hungarian Press Union said that the whole profession condemns this. Both the International Federation of Journalists and the European Federation of Journalists backed the TV station for firing her and urged reporters and crews to uphold professional ethics. In a video shot by another TV crew, Ms. Laszlo is seen sticking out a foot to trip a man carrying a young child as they run next to her. The child emerges crying. She also is seen kicking a boy, as well as kicking a young girl in the stomach. It was unclear whether anyone was seriously hurt. Ms. Laszlo has not made any statement about the videos. The ultranationalist Jobbik Party, which is associated with N1TV, also has made no comment. |
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| A.M. Costa Rica's sixth news page |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Thursday, Sept. 10, 2015, Vol. 16, No. 179 | |||||||||
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 Pensoft
Publishers/Christer
Hansson
Endoparasitoid wasp Pediobius cajanus, accountable for
killing anaverage of 25 percent of invasive pest Asian fly larvae. Wasp determined
to be good bio control
By the Pensoft Publishers news staff
While biocontrol agents come in different shapes, often taking a lot of time for scientists to research, test and produce, natural ones always seem to be the better option. Now that Christer Taveras and Rosina Hansson have discovered a new parasitoid wasp species in the Dominican Republic, they might have not only met the worst natural enemy for a widely spread invasive pest corrupting a large part of the essential pigeon pea crops (Cajanus cajan). They are likely to have found a whole new field for investigation into the potential weapons against the eradicator of up to 76 percent of the essential crop. Their study is available in the open access Journal of Hymenoptera Research. The find of this new gregarious endoparasitoid wasp, called Pediobius cajanus, is also the first time a representative of this genus has been associated with the Asian fly. This invasive pest is estimated to destroy a huge part of the pigeon pea crops, a culture which is an essential food source for tropical America, a large part of the export and even has medicinal value. Therefore, the new species is very important not only in terms of the exploration of the biodiversity in Latin America, but also in economical sense. Even when treated regularly with insecticides, the Asian fly manages to corrupt as much as 27 percent of the Dominican pigeon pea crops, a previous study shows. Although a precise figure of the damage cannot be provided due to large variations between localities and the impossibility of tracking the whole span of the pea cultivation areas, there is the case of the town of Rancho Los Vargas, Puerto Plata, where in 2012 the loss of the culture reached 76 percent. On the other hand, the new wasp species was found to kill an average of 25 percent of the Asian fly larvae in the researched areas. In comparison, the previously known enemies of the pest are accountable for only 2 percent. This is why the scientists are now proposing the new species as a biocontrol agent. In conclusion, the authors suggest that the parasitoid wasp is likely distributed across a much larger area. They believe that the new species could also be found over the entire island of Hispaniola, on neighboring islands in the Caribbean and even in the tropical parts of the mainland in the Americas. Its record and distribution both call for a further investigation into the potential implementation of the wasp in controlling the Asian fly. |
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| From Page 7: Delays planned at Peñas Blancas crossing By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The customs officials at the Peñas Blancas border crossings are establishing limited hours Sunday in anticipation of the delivery of the Antorcha de la Independencia from Nicaraguan students to Costa Ricans. The torch is making its way from Guatemala and will be passing through Palmares at 8 a.m. Monday, Alajuela at 3 p.m. and San José at 6 p.m. It will end up in Cartago about two hours later. The torch is being carried in relays by students. Truckers will face blockades Saturday night at points distant from the border in Guanacaste starting at 6 p.m. There is a ceremony of reception at the border, so the border crossing will be open Sunday from 6 a.m. to 8 a.m. only for tourists and truckers hauling live animals, the agency said. Once the ceremony involving the torch is completed, the border will be reopened, the Dirección General de Aduana said. |
