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| A.M. Costa Rica's Second news page | |
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San
José, Costa Rica, Wednesday, May 14, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 94
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Vehicle robbery
suspects
nabbed by police in Heredia By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
They call it bajonazo when a crook sticks a gun in the face of a motorist at a stop light and forces the driver from the car. There has been a decrease in the number of cases after investigators knocked over several firms dealing in used part that were ready markets for stolen cars. But the crime reared its head in Barreal de Heredia, but Fuerza Pública officers caught two suspects in the stolen vehicle not far from the crime scene. Once again the suspects, who were being presented to the flagrancy court, have records of crimes. One, identified by the last names of Céspedes Chávez, has a drug crime, an aggravated robbery and simple robbery on his record. The second, identified by the last names of Wiltshire Beckford, has a record of rape, drugs, simple and aggravated robbery and threatening with a firearm, said the Fuerza Pública. Seven lawmakers unite to promote the Caribbean By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The province of Limón now has its own caucus in the legislature. Seven lawmakers from six political parties have formed a group to push for development in the Caribbean province. They are Danny Hayling of Liberación, Luis Vásquez of the Partido Unidad Social Cristiana, Gerardo Vargas of Frente Amplio, Abellino Esquivel of Renovación Costarricense, Carmen Quesada of Movimiento Libertario and Marlene Madrigal and Epsy Campbell, both of Acción Ciudadana. A statement said that the lawmakers would push for widening of Ruta 32, the generation of economic and educational opportunities, security, development of the ports and airport, agricultural development, the promotion of tourism, the promotion of a special economic zone for the Chinese, the construction of a new petroleum refinery and promotion of the government project Limón Ciudad Puerto. The group also seeks to change the Costa Rican Constitution to declare the country multiethnic and also establish autonomy for the native populations, the group said. The lawmakers said they would meet next Tuesday with Ann Mc Kinley, who now heads the state agency that runs the ports in the province. The group is calling itself the Fracción Caribe. ![]() Ministerio de Gobernación,
Policía
Police officers catalogue
confiscated alcoholy Seguridad Pública photo Robbery suspect,
29 illegals
snagged in city sweep By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
A multi-agency force swept through a downtown section of San José Tuesday and turned up 29 illegal persons. The police and representatives of other agencies visited 32 businesses, many of them bars or strip clubs. Involved were the Policía Municipal, the immigration police, the tax police, the Patronato de la Infancia, which is the child protection agency, and traffic police. Officers were able to encounter one man who was the subject of an arrest warrant for aggravated robbery. The sweep was to the west and south of the center of town along Avenida 8 and Calle 6. This is an area where there are a number of bars and adult entertainment operations best described as seedy. The tax police were able to locate a storage facility that contained 700 bottles of alcohol. The owners of the bottles were unable to produce a sales document showing taxes have been paid, police said. During the sweep officers said they were able to detain one man who was accused of stealing a wallet from a women in a bar. He seemed to have been unaware of the police presence. Offices also confiscated a revolver that was being carried illegally. The sweep is believed to be part of the effort promised by the new administration of the security ministry to concentrate on prevention. Another quake off Panamá reported Tuesday night By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The Laboratorio de Ingenieria Sismica reported a 5.3 magnitude earthquake that struck at 11:28 p.m. Tuesday. The epicenter was about the same location as that of a 6.5 magnitude quake that took place early Tuesday. The spot was in the Pacific off the coast of Panamá. The Laboratorio said the epicenter was 88.9 kilometers south southeast of Laurel de Corredores. The location is right at the Middle American Trench where the Cocos tectonic plate is pushing under the Caribbean plate.
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A.M. Costa Rica Third News Page |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Wednesday, May 14, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 94 | |
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| Municipal strike ends with accord to purchase more garbage
trucks |
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By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The Municipalidad de San José and striking employees reached an agreement Monday night, and the walkout ended. A key element of the agreement was a study of the contract now held by a private garbage hauler. The Defensoría de los Habitantes will make the study. The agreement is with Promotora Ambiental, S.A.B. de C.V. of Monterey, México, which signed an initial agreement with the municipality in late June 2012. Another aspect of the settlement is that the private firm will only serve in a supporting role and that the collection of garbage will remain the work of the municipality. The employees union was worried about privatization. |
Mayor Sandra
García Pérez was involved in the
negotiations. Employees walked out Monday and said part of their complaint was the poor shape of the vehicles used to collect garbage. The mayor agreed to begin the purchase two more trucks this month and then two more with any surplus in the municipal budget at the end of the fiscal year. In addition, the municipality agreed not to take any action against striking workers or to dock their pay, according to a summary provided by the union. The municipality also agreed that it has no plans to privatize its guard service or the Policía Municipal. |
![]() Judicial
Investigating
Organization photos
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| 'Rumbo a la ciudad' by Pedro Ortíz 1944 |
'Retrato' by Fausto Pacheco 1934 |
'Retrato niña Herediana' by Rigoberto Moya 1930 |
| Investigators seek help in locating paintings stolen in
Heredia this year |
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By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
Judicial investigators are seeking the help from the public to locate three oil paintings that were stolen from a home in Santa Bárbara de Heredia. The Judicial Investigating Organization said that the theft happened toward the end of March and the beginning of April. The homeowner, a man in his 70s, did not notice the theft for some time. He is believed to be a collector with many paintings and objects in the home. Judicial investigators did not name him, but the works are widely known to have been in the collection of historian Milton Arguedas Salas. The paintings are a 1944 work called "Rumbo a la ciudad" by Pedro Ortíz, "Retrato," done in 1934 by Fausto Pacheco, and the 1930 |
work
called "Retrato niña Herediana" by Rigoberto Moya. The works were stolen frame and all. Judicial investigators said that they are collectively valued at 150 million colons, about $280,000. Judicial investigators obtained photos of the works from art books. Any leads can be emailed to judicial police at cicooij@poder-judicial.go.cr. Paintings frequently are targeted by sophisticated thieves who have a place to sell them. Some private collectors will buy stolen works because they are cut rate. There have been severals thefts in the last few years. A notable crime was at the Escazú home of Jonathon Harris in October 2011. No one was home but the crooks arrived ready to commit a robbery. They wore ski masks, said judicial investigators at the time. |
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| You need to see Costa Rican tourism information HERE! |
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| A.M. Costa Rica's Fourth News page | |||||
| San José, Costa Rica, Wednesday, May 14, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 94 | |||||
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| Coral reported to be an effective buffer against damaging
waves |
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By
the U. S. Geological Survey news staff
Stronger storms, rising seas, and flooding are placing hundreds of millions people at risk around the world, and big part of the solution to decrease those risks is just off shore. A new study finds that coral reefs reduce the wave energy that would otherwise impact coastlines by 97 percent. “Coral reefs serve as an effective first line of defense to incoming waves, storms and rising seas,” said Michael Beck, lead marine scientist of The Nature Conservancy and a co-author of the study. “200 million people across more than 80 nations are at risk if coral reefs are not protected and restored.” Published in the journal Nature Communications, this study by an international team of researchers from the University of Bologna, The Nature Conservancy, U. S. Geological Survey, Stanford University and University of California – Santa Cruz, provides the first global synthesis of the contributions of coral reefs to risk reduction and adaptation across the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. “This study illustrates that the restoration and conservation of coral reefs is an important and cost effective solution to reduce risks from coastal hazards and climate change,” said Filippo Ferrario, lead author from the University of Bologna. Key results from the study: - Coral reefs provide substantial protection against natural hazards by reducing wave energy by an average of 97 percent (studies across all tropical oceans). |
- The reef crest,
or shallowest part of the reef where the waves break first, dissipates
86 percent of wave energy on its own. - The median cost for building artificial breakwaters is $19,791 per meter, compared to $1,290 per meter for coral reef restoration projects. "Coral reefs are wonderful natural features that, when healthy, can provide comparable wave reduction benefits to many artificial coastal defenses and adapt to sea-level rise” said Curt Storlazzi a co-author from the U. S. Geological Survey. “This research shows that coral reef restoration can be a cost-effective way to decrease the hazards coastal communities face due to the combination of storms and sea-level rise." “While there are many concerns about the future of corals reefs in the face of climate change,” Fiorenza Micheli of Stanford University said, “there are still many reasons for optimism about the future of coral reefs particularly if we manage other local stressors such as pollution and development.” The study found that there are 197 million people worldwide who can receive risk reduction benefits from coral reefs alone or may have to bear higher costs of disasters if the reefs are degraded. These are people in villages, towns, and cities who live in low, risk prone coastal areas below 10 meters elevation and within 50 kilometers of coral reefs. Conservation efforts are most often directed to more remote reefs, however the study suggests there should also be a focus on reefs closer to the people who will directly benefit from reef restoration. |
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| A.M. Costa Rica's Fifth news page |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Wednesday, May 14, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 94 | |||||
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| EU makes Moldova deal to warn off the Russians By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
European Council President Herman Van Rompuy says the EU will sign a major economic and political agreement with Moldova June 27. He also warned against external pressure in remarks apparently aimed at Russia. Van Rompuy was in the Moldovan capital, Chisinau, Tuesday, saying Moldova belongs to Europe by its history, geography, and culture. He also said it is a key player to restore stability and boost much-needed prosperity in that part of the continent. Van Rompuy said the EU rejects what he called any external pressure on Moldovan sovereignty and territorial integrity. Russia has more than 1,000 troops in Transdniestria, the breakaway Russian-speaking region of Moldova that declared independence in 1990, a move that no other country, including Russia, has recognized. The Association Agreement will bring Moldova another step closer to possible European Union membership. ![]() Washington University in St. Louis photo
13-year-old Sydney Kendall
displays her new pink armGirl's pink
prosthetic arm
is product of 3D printer By
the Washington University in St. Louis news staff
Thirteen-year-old Sydney Kendall had one request for the Washington University in St. Louis students building her a robotic prosthetic arm: Make it pink. Kendall Gretsch, Henry Lather and Kranti Peddada, seniors studying biomedical engineering in the School of Engineering & Applied Science, accomplished that and more. Using a 3-D printer, they created a robotic prosthetic arm out of bright-pink plastic. Total cost: $200, a fraction of the price of standard prosthetics, which start at $6,000. “Currently, prosthetics are very expensive, and because kids keep growing, it is too costly for them to have the latest technology,” said the girl's mother, Beth Kendall. “With the 3-D printer, a prosthetic can be made much less expensive. The possibilities of what can be done to improve prosthetics using this technology is very exciting.” Miss Kendall lost her right arm in a boating accident when she was 6 years old. She learned to write with her left hand, but found most tasks difficult to accomplish with her prosthetic arm. Sydney said her new arm is easy to manipulate. By moving her shoulder, she can direct the arm to throw a ball, move a computer mouse and perform other tasks. Peddada said it was thrilling to observe Sydney use her arm. “It really showed us the great things you can accomplish when you bridge medicine and technology,” Peddada said. The students developed the robotic hand as part of their engineering design course. This prosthetic is battery-powered and controlled with an accelerometer like in the iPhone. Prosthetic limbs are tricky for patients of any age, and especially for children, noted Goldfarb, because they’re still growing and need to move to larger-sized devices on a regular basis. Since prosthetics have no sensation, some kids are more comfortable making do with their existing natural limbs, he added. While 3-D printers can cost about $2,500, they are capable of producing artificial limbs at a relatively low individual cost. Song show winner in drag not appreciated in Russia By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
The outcome of Sunday's Eurovision Song Contest is causing a backlash in Russia and escalating tensions with Europe that were already high over the crisis in Ukraine. The annual song contest is watched by an estimated 180 million people across 45 countries and this year's winner, from Austria, has provoked strong reactions. 'Rise Like A Phoenix’ by singer Conchita Wurst was a performance that won Austria the Eurovision Song Contest crown Sunday, after it received more votes than the 25 other finalists. It’s the performer’s appearance that got the headlines. Conchita is a man dressed as a woman with long hair and a full beard. Wurst called it a victory for European values. "It was a victory not just for me, but also for those people who believe in a future that functions without discrimination and which is based on tolerance and respect," said Wurst. Those words were widely seen as a swipe at Russia. Last year, the Russian government introduced laws against what it called homosexual propaganda. In Moscow, there was widespread incredulity at Conchita Wurst’s Eurovision victory. "The result was unbelievably awful. It shows how much the cult of homosexuality is flourishing in Europe. This was just a horrifying event, and God forbid that it comes here," said Russian student Alexander Sergeyev. Russia came in seventh in the competition but its performers were booed by large sections of the crowd. The Russian judges awarded all their votes to former Soviet states. In Stockholm, Eurovision partygoers like Ras Andrea praised the judges and the winning act. “They did a great representation of their country, and obviously as a political stance making their song and the singer a very key figure in the political climate that we have today in Europe. So definitely yes, the right song did win," said Andrea. That political climate has become more hostile. Russia's takeover of Crimea from Ukraine in March has been strongly condemned by Europe and the West, which also blame Moscow for the current unrest in eastern Ukraine. The Kremlin denies involvement. When Russian conductor Valery Gergiev, a high profile supporter of President Vladimir Putin’s actions in Ukraine, gave a concert in London Sunday, around 30 anti-Putin protestors staged a short demonstration as Gergiev took to the stage. Among them was human rights activist Peter Tatchell. “We thought it was very important to challenge Valery Gergiev over his support for President Putin, his endorsement of Russia’s anti-gay law; and his approval of Russia’s actions in Ukraine. For him to be able to perform unchallenged would have been very wrong," said Tatchell. Although it appears Russia is facing the beginnings of a cultural backlash in Europe, there was one surprising result: both Russia and Ukraine voted for each other in the Eurovision song contest. Winds keep Antarctica cool. climate scientists reports By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Intense winds help Antarctica keep its cool despite climate change, according to a new study. The key to Antarctic weather is the wind, says Australian National University climate scientist Nerilie Abram, lead author of a new study that explains this in the context of a warmer world. “They control how far north the rain bands go out of the Southern ocean," Ms. Abram said. "And they are also really important for temperature and in particular for the temperature of Antarctica and also the Antarctic peninsula, which is the bit of Antarctica that juts out right into the path of those westerly winds.” That westerly wind belt circulates the continent. The study in Nature Climate Change finds that those winds are now stronger and their path tighter than at any time in the past 1,000 years. That change has been especially prominent since the 1940s. Ms. Abram and her team reconstructed Antarctica's climate history from ice cores. They conclude the wind has kept a large part of the continent cold, unlike anywhere else on the planet. “But we can explain that because as those westerly winds are getting stronger, they are actually tying the cold air over Antarctica, and it stops warm air masses from being able to get over the continent and help to warm Antarctica," Ms. Abram said. "So this example of something that seems like a climate change paradox, we can actually explain by these greenhouse gases that are strengthening the westerly winds and isolating parts of Antarctica.” But they are not isolating the Antarctic Peninsula and parts of the Western Antarctic ice sheet that lie directly in their path. “So as those winds have strengthened and pulled in tighter around Antarctica, they are actually bringing warmer air over those parts, particularly over the Antarctic Peninsula," she said. "And this is the part of the southern hemisphere that is warming faster than anywhere else on Earth at the moment." Those westerly winds have deviated from their natural course, which would have driven cold fronts into the Southern Hemisphere. Instead the air is trapped over Antarctica and keeping rain from falling on Australia. “What has been happening over the recent decades is that those westerly winds have been shifting south and we are getting fewer of those cold fronts and storms coming up and giving that really important rain," she said. "And that is why Australia is experiencing these very severe droughts.” Ms. Abram adds the Southern Ocean winds, which have intensified because of the warmer atmosphere, could revert to a more normal pattern if action were taken to reduce greenhouse gases. World opinions on Jews are scored for anti-Semitism By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
A new survey has concluded that about a quarter of the world's population, more than a billion people, holds anti-Semitic views. The New York-based Anti-Defamation League said Tuesday that it polled more than 53,000 people in 102 countries and territories over the last year, asking them whether they felt that 11 negative stereotypes about Jews were probably true or false, or did not know. The survey defined someone as anti-Semitic if that person agreed with six or more of the statements. Among the stereotypes cited in the survey were "Jews are more loyal to Israel than their home country," "Jews have too much power in the business world" and "Jews are responsible for most wars in the world." The survey found the highest concentration of anti-Semitism in the Middle East and North Africa, with 74 percent of those polled agreeing with a majority of the anti-Semitic stereotypes. By contrast, the anti-Semitism figure was 34 percent in eastern Europe, 24 percent in western Europe, 23 percent in sub-Saharan Africa, 22 percent in Asia, 19 percent in the Americas and 14 percent in Oceania. The polling found that only 54 percent of the people surveyed had heard of the Holocaust in which 6 million Jews were exterminated by the Nazis during World War II. Those surveyed also often significantly overestimated the number of Jews in the world, while the actual figure is less than one-fifth of 1 percent. The Anti-Defamation League's national director, Abraham Foxman, said the prevalence of anti-Semitism is "maybe not shocking, but it's sobering." Former solider honored in Washington ceremony By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded the nation's highest military honor to former Army sergeant Kyle White for his actions during an ambush in Nuristan province, Afghanistan. "You make us proud and you motivate all of us to be the best we can be as Americans, as a nation," said Obama during the White House ceremony, during which he praised White and his fellow soldiers for embodying the courage of their generation. "Without the team, there can be no Medal of Honor," said White, who has said he refuses to see himself as a hero. "That is why I wear this medal for my team." Described by those he served with as humble, Former Army specialist Kain Schilling, badly wounded in the arm and leg, says if not for White, he would not be alive. “He thinks it’s what anyone would do, but he went far beyond what most people would,” Schilling said. The battle that made White a hero took place in Afghanistan's eastern Nuristan Province, near the village of Aranas. On Nov. 9, 2007, White was one of 14 Americans from Chosen Company navigating the rocky terrain. They were returning from a meeting with village elders when they came under attack. Almost immediately, White and Schilling, along with Marine Sgt. Phillip Bocks, platoon leader 1st Lt. Matthew Ferrara and their interpreter were cut off from the rest of the group. White went into action, returning fire, treating Schilling's gunshot wounds and despite having a concussion, trying to save the other two. “I saw Kyle running back and forth and seeing the bullets hit the rocky shale stuff and the sparks that would pop up all-around him," said Schilling. "His uniform, his radio, his weapon, they all got hit." He found a working radio, relaying critical information until help could arrive hours later. These days, White wears a bracelet with the names of his fallen compatriots and tells people he only did what they would have done given the chance. “There was no decision-making process. It was just my battle buddy out there and he needed help,” he said. In all, six Americans died that day, a toll the Army says would have been worse if not for White's actions. White, now 27 and an investment analyst in Charlotte, North Carolina, has been diagnosed with post traumatic stress and has sought counseling for memories he cannot shake. “Each time I close my eyes I can see those images, I see their faces as well,” he said. Trial expected in June for Korean boat trio By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
The three crew members of a North Korean vessel seized by Panama last July for carrying undeclared weapons have had their trial date set for next month, according to a Panamanian official. Roberto Moreno, the Panamanian prosecutor handling the "Chong Chon Gang" case, said in an interview the court has set of date of June 4 for the hearing. It is not clear how long the trial will last, but Moreno said he would expect a verdict from the judge within a month of the proceedings. The "Chong Chon Gang" and its 35 crew members were detained by Panamanian authorities while passing through the Panama Canal with undeclared goods, which included surface-to-air missiles and two MIG-21 fighter jets, in violation of United Nations resolutions. Thirty-two crew members were released in February after North Korea paid about $690,000 in fines. But the three, including the vessel’s captain and a political officer, were charged for illegal weapons trafficking. Earlier this year, a U.N. panel said North Korea is using sophisticated means to avoid international sanctions imposed by the Security Council. The report said Pyongyang's embassies in Cuba and Singapore are suspected of facilitating banned arms trades. U.N. Security Council resolutions on North Korea prohibit a range of weapons imports from and exports to North Korea, such as combat aircraft and missile systems. Survey of monitoring studies shows few diversity changes By
the University of Vermont news service
The diversity of the world’s life forms from corals to carnivores is under assault. Decades of scientific studies document the fraying of ecosystems and a grim tally of species extinctions due to destroyed habitat, pollution, climate change, invasives and over harvesting. Which makes Nick Gotelli’s new report in the journal Science rather surprising. Gotelli, a professor in biology department at the University of Vermont, with colleagues from Saint Andrews University, Scotland, and the University of Maine, re-examined data from one hundred long-term monitoring studies done around the world, polar regions to the tropics, in the oceans and on land. They discovered that the number of species in many of these places has not changed much or has actually increased. A global extinction crisis should show up in declining levels of local biodiversity. That’s not what the scientists found. Instead they discovered that, on average, the number of species recorded remained the same over time. Fifty-nine of the one hundred biological communities showed an increase in species richness and 41 a decrease. In all the studies, the rate of change was modest. But the researchers did discover something changing rapidly: which species were living in the places being studied. Almost 80 percent of the communities the team examined showed substantial changes in species composition, averaging about 10 percent change per decade — significantly higher than the rate of change predicted by models. In other words, this new report shows that a huge turnover of species in habitats around the globe is under way, resulting in the creation of novel biological communities. “Right under our noses, in the same place that a team might have looked a decade earlier, or even just a year earlier, a new assemblage of plants and animals may be taking hold,” Gotelli says. The causes of this shift are not yet fully clear, but the implications for conservation and policy could be significant. Historically, conservation science and planning has focused on protecting endangered species more than on shifts in which plants and animals are assembled together. “A main policy application of this work is that we're going to need to focus as much on the identity of species as on the number of species,” Gotelli says. “The number of species in a place may not be our best scorecard for environmental change.” For example, the scientists write that disturbed coral reefs can be replaced by a group of species dominated by algae. This replacement might keep the species count the same, but not necessarily provide the fisheries, tourism or coastal protections that the original coral reef did. “In the oceans we no longer have many anchovies, but we seem to have an awful lot of jellyfish,” says Gotelli. “Those kinds of changes are not going to be seen by just counting the number of species that are present.” The new research, led by Maria Dornelas at Saint Andrews University in Scotland, carefully looked for previous studies that had tracked and tallied species over many years. The team selected 100 that contained six million observations of more than 35,000 different species — including datasets that go back to 1874 and many over the last 40 years. Given widespread observation of habitat change and individual species declines — and knowing that extinction rates are many times higher than normal — the scientists predicted a drop, over time, in the number of species observed in most of these studies. Why they didn’t find this drop could be driven by many forces. One is related to what science writer David Quammen termed the “planet of weeds.” In other words, invasive species or successful colonists or weedy generalists — think kudzu and rats — may be spreading into new places, keeping the local species tally up, even as the planet’s overall biodiversity is degraded. “We move species around,” Gotelli says. “There is a huge ant diversity in Florida, and about 30 percent of the ant species are non-natives. They have been accidentally introduced, mostly from the Old World tropics, and they are now a part of the local assemblage. So you can have increased diversity in local communities because of global homogenization.” And sampling issues may conceal important realities: some species may have become so rare — like white rhinos — that they’re highly unlikely to be found in a general species survey and so don’t show in the initial results nor disappear in later ones. Range shifts associated with climate change could be at work, too, quickly pushing species into new terrain. On May 6, the White House released its National Climate Assessment noting that, as a result of human-caused warming, “species, including many iconic species, may disappear from regions where they have been prevalent or become extinct, altering some regions so much that their mix of plant and animal life will become almost unrecognizable.” Clovis people meteor theory unsupported by new study By
the Southern Methodist University news service
Controversy over what sparked the Younger Dryas, a brief return to near glacial conditions at the end of the Ice Age, includes a theory that it was caused by a comet hitting the Earth. As proof, proponents point to sediments containing deposits they believe could result only from a cosmic impact. Now a new study disproves that theory, said archaeologist David Meltzer, Southern Methodist University, Dallas. Meltzer is lead author on the study and an expert in the Clovis culture, the peoples who lived in North America at the end of the Ice Age. Meltzer’s research team found that nearly all sediment layers purported to be from the Ice Age at 29 sites in North America and on three other continents are actually either much younger or much older. Scientists agree that the brief episode at the end of the Ice Age, officially known as the Younger Dryas for a flower that flourished at that time, sparked widespread cooling of the Earth 12,800 years ago and that this cool period lasted for 1,000 years. But theories about the cause of this abrupt climate change are numerous. They range from changes in ocean circulation patterns caused by glacial meltwater entering the ocean to the cosmic-impact theory. The cosmic-impact theory is said to be supported by the presence of geological indicators that are extraterrestrial in origin. However a review of the dating of the sediments at the 29 sites reported to have such indicators proves the cosmic-impact theory false, said Meltzer. Meltzer and his co-authors found that only three of 29 sites commonly referenced to support the cosmic-impact theory actually date to the window of time for the Ice Age. “The supposed impact markers are undated or significantly older or younger than 12,800 years ago,” report the authors. “Either there were many more impacts than supposed, including one as recently as five centuries ago, or, far more likely, these are not extraterrestrial impact markers.” The Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis rests heavily on the claim that there is a Younger Dryas boundary layer at 29 sites in the Americas and elsewhere that contains deposits of supposed extraterrestrial origin that date to a 300-year span centered on 12,800 years ago. The deposits include magnetic grains with iridium, magnetic microspherules, charcoal, soot, carbon spherules, glass-like carbon containing nanodiamonds, and fullerenes with extraterrestrial helium, all said to result from a comet or other cosmic event hitting the Earth. Meltzer and his colleagues tested that hypothesis by investigating the existing stratigraphic and chronological data sets reported in the published scientific literature and accepted as proof by cosmic-impact proponents, to determine if these markers dated to the onset of the Younger Dryas. They sorted the 29 sites by the availability of radiometric or numeric ages and then the type of age control, if available, and whether the age control is secure. The researchers found that three sites lack absolute age control: At Chobot, Alberta, the three Clovis points found lack stratigraphic context, and the majority of other diagnostic artifacts are younger than Clovis by thousands of years. At Morley, Alberta, ridges are assumed without evidence to be chronologically correlated with Ice Age hills 2,600 kilometers away. At Paw Paw Cove, Maryland, horizontal integrity of the Clovis artifacts found is compromised, according to that site’s principal archaeologist. The remaining 26 sites have radiometric or other potential numeric ages, but only three date to the Younger Dryas boundary layer. At nearly a dozen other sites, the authors report, the chronological results are neither reliable nor valid as a result of significant statistical flaws in the analysis, the omission of ages from the models, and the disregard of statistical uncertainty that accompanies all radiometric dates. In North America, the Ice Age was marked by the mass extinction of several dozen genera of large mammals, including mammoths, mastodons, American horses, Western camels, two types of deer, ancient bison, giant beaver, giant bears, sabre-toothed cats, giant bears, American cheetahs, and many other animals, as well as plants. |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Wednesday, May 14, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 94 | |||||||||
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San Ramón
Action Alliance seeking books for its sale By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The non-profit Community Action Alliance of Greater San Ramón will hold its fourth new and used book sale May 24 and 25, and 16 drop off points have been established in that Alajuela community and also in San José for book donations. The sale features nearly 10,000 new and used books and educational materials, in various languages, as well as workshops for children and teachers, organizers said. Over 2,000 attendees from across the country are expected to attend this year’s two-day event, they added. The sale will be from 9 a.m. to 4 p,.m. both days at the Universidad de Costa Rica's Museo Regional in San Ramón,. Proceeds from the sale go to the Community Action Alliance Student Scholarship Program, targeting local students who qualify for financial assistance to obtain school books, school supplies, uniforms and shoes, and the San Ramón Regional Museo's cultural programs, according to a release. Dave Scott, chairman of the Action Alliance's Education Committee said in a release that “This Fourth Gran Venta de Libros is truly an international celebration of reading an opportunity for Costa Ricans to look for that special book, or to participate in literary, storytelling, reading and other workshops. Books and reading open the windows of the world, inspire the imagination, and open the mind and heart; a good book is truly a gift that keeps giving.” Here are the donation locations: 1. Four Centro Cultural Costarricense Norteamericano locations in the Central Valley: Sabana Norte, Alajuela Mall Internacional, Heredia Centro, and Los Yoses; 2. The Barrio Escalante location of the Asociación Gerontológica Costarricense; 3. 11 San Ramón locations: Museo Regional de San Ramón, Centro Cultural Histórico José Figueres Ferrer, Colegio Científico San Ramón, Municipalidad de San Ramón, Café Aroma’s (both locations), Colegio Patriarca San José, Universidad San José, Cámara de Comercio, COOPENAE, and Cruz Roja. Anyone donating a large quantity of books can contact organizers at booksale@actionalliancecr.com. |
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| From Page 7: Sustainable building code to be proposed By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
A two-day meeting here starting next Tuesday has the goal of creating a code for sustainable construction. The event will be at the Hotel Park Inn. There are a number of sponsors, including the Asociacion Green Building Council de Costa Rica, the Embassy of Canada, the Ministerio de Vivienda y Asentamientos Humanos and the International Finance Corp. The gathering is called the II Foro Regional Centroamericano de Diseno y Construccion Sostenible de la Alianza Centroamericana y del Caribe para el Desarrollo Sostenible, so representatives from other countries will attend, too, organizers said. At the same time an exhibition of sustainable products will be available, organizers said. Some of the organizations represented are expected to sign an agreement to promote a voluntary system of evaluation or certification code for green construction, organizers said. |