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| A.M. Costa Rica's Second news page | |
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San
José, Costa Rica, Thursday, April 24, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 80
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![]() Miniserio
de Gobernación,
Policía
Anti-drug agents inspect
five-gallon containersy Seguridad Pública photo Officials say containers of pulp hid shipments of cocaine By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
A transport business designed to be carrying containers of pineapple pulp is now accused of hauling 1,117 kilograms of cocaine since last July. Wednesday, more than a dozen raids from anti-drug police led to the arrest of eight suspects, involved in the smuggling operation that took loads of drugs all over Central America. Through the business called Teja Transportes Internacionales de Costa Rica S.A., three Mexican men are thought to have been exporting drugs from the country since their arrival in July, according to Ministerio de Gobernación, Policía y Seguridad Pública officials. The three men were supposedly brought in to make the company seem like a legitimate and inconspicuous brand by covering it up with direct participation from additional companies they had created. The most recent bust came on March 4 when border police found more than 550 kilograms of cocaine when making a routine inspection at the Peñas Blancas border post heading into Nicaragua. The raids occurred throughout the Central Valley and Central Pacific regions. Of the notable detainees were men with the last names of Barrantes Corrales, Barrantes Valdez, Zamora Corrales, and Barrantes Carlos. Casa Presidencial denies packing job slots for buddies By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
Casa Presidencial came out with a snippy press release Wednesday night in which it denied that the current government was filling positions with supporters in the face of a change in administrations. The release, which was unsigned, said the government is leaving 700 positions to be filled by the new administration. The newspaper, Semanario Universidad, reported that the current government was filling jobs to tie them up in the face of the change in governments. The Casa Presidential release branded this report as false and unfounded, and noted that the report had been picked up by other news outlets. Then it launched into a lecture on the responsibilities of journalists to avoid these types of manipulations that affect the rights of persons and institutions. It said that the failure to find the truth was labor harassment and in the worse cases political persecution. The newspaper based at the Universidad de Costa Rica has generally sided with critics of the Laura Chinchilla administration. However, an official press release with such rancor is unusual. The newspaper reported that the Chinchilla administration has filed key jobs at the Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, the Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad, the Autoridad Reguladora de Servicios Públicos, the Consejo Nacional de Vialidad and the Superintendencia de Telecomunicaciones. Also reported and perhaps the reason for the tone of the press release was that the wife of the current minister of the Presidencia, Carlos Ricardo Benavides, has been named to a position in the Instituto Nacional de Mujeres. The newspaper provided names, dates and positions, including a recent appointment to head the Caja for seven years. The report seems to have been inspired by the transition team of president-elect Luis Guillermo Solís of the Partido Acción Ciudadana. New push underway to fight continued malaria threat By the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Malaria is a disease that kills more than 600,000 people every year. It debilitates even more. Each year on World Malaria Day, officials take stock of the disease, what’s been done to contain it, and what still needs to be done. Children are the most likely victims of malaria. They live in Latin America and Asia, but mostly in sub-Saharan Africa where the most deadly strain of the disease is found. Anthony Fauci heads the infectious diseases division of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. "About every 60 seconds a baby dies from malaria; usually a baby living in sub-Saharan Africa," said Fauci. Survivors may suffer permanent brain damage, epilepsy, blindness or hearing loss. Mosquitoes don't cause malaria. But a certain type, the anopheles mosquito, can transmit a parasite that does. And someone with malaria then can pass the parasite on to uninfected mosquitoes and the cycle continues. Peter Agre at The Johns Hopkins University says malaria is a disease of the poor. "They're sick because they're poor, and they're poor because they're sick," said Agre. Agre heads The Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute. He says developed countries rid themselves of malaria by draining swamps, using screens on porches, and constructing buildings in higher elevations where mosquitoes that carry the parasite don't live. People in poor countries can't do that. A new push to contain malaria is under way. Funds for bed nets, insecticide spray, testing and medicine to treat malaria have cut the death rate from malaria by as much as 50 percent. Agre says much more needs to be done. “At The Johns Hopkins Malaria Institute, scientists work on many aspects of the malaria problem. The mosquitoes are one part of that, and one of our most successful areas of research," he said. Researchers are trying to change the mosquito so it can't transmit malaria. Fauci says other research involves developing new medicines and a vaccine. "We have been frustrated over many years of not having a highly effective vaccine against malaria," he said. Along the Thai-Cambodian border, drugs used to treat malaria take longer to work. That's generally the first sign the parasite has developed drug resistance. If it spreads, researchers predict millions of people will die. "The real critical thing that we’re hoping for is with a combination of treatment, combination of prevention like bed nets and others, and a combination of a good vaccine, that some day, we can’t predict when, we may be able to eliminate malaria and essentially eradicate it," said Fauci. 2,000 School kids to perform Saturday in national stadium By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
More than 2,000 public school artists will perform Saturday at the Estadio Nacional from 4 p.m. to 8 p.m. This is the annual exposition where students show the skills in the arts they have acquired during the year. There will be dance, theater, circus acts, drum corps, choruses as well as literary and visual arts. In addition to the student performers, some 14,000 public school students are expected to attend. The performers will be from elementary through high school.
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| What we published this week: | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Earlier |
| The contents of this page and this Web site are copyrighted by A.M. Costa Rica.com Ltda. 2014 and may not be reproduced anywhere without permission. Abstracts and fair use are permitted. Check HERE for details | ||||||
A.M. Costa Rica Third News Page |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Thursday, April 24, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 80 | |
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| Immigration officials outline an agenda for the new
administration |
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By
Michael Krumholtz
of the A.M. Costa Rica staff Outgoing Costa Rican migration and security officials called upon the next administration to promote the quality of life for immigrants coming into the country. Wednesday the Ministerio de Gobernación y Policía released a report detailing migration and human development progresses and future improvements. Freddy Mauricio Montero Mora, the vice minister of Gobernación y Policía, said the country has made huge strides since the advent of Ley 8764, known as the general law of migration. He added that the ministry’s report, now in its third version, has laid out the principles and focal points on which the next government can capitalize. “I think it presents a clear plan for what Costa Rica needs for its future,” he said. “I hope these elements serve to guide the new administration on a successful path.” According to the packet, in 2013 Costa Rica had nearly 375,000 foreign inhabitants, which make up 8 percent of the nation’s total residents. Only 6 percent of medical consultations through the Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social came from non-Costa Ricans. This figure seems even more striking when compared with the fact that 11 percent of the workers registered through the Caja are foreigners. “This contradicts the perception that foreigners, and especially Nicaraguans, abuse the services of the Caja,” the report states. |
Commerce,
agriculture, service, and construction jobs continue to be filled by
immigrant labor. Aberlado Morales Gamboa, an investigator for the ministry, emphasized that Costa Rica is not an island as there are seven other countries in Central America with markets that can benefit the nation. He said that the people who come to Costa Rica from these neighboring nations should be valued at the same level of any citizen in terms of human rights concerns. “We cannot forget that they are not just an economic statistic or someone in need of a job,” Morales said. “More than this, the immigrant is still a person.” Morales said that a migrant’s full social inclusion into his country and community directly benefits that environment. He cited an improvement in human rights for migrant populations since 2010, when the new law went into effect, as a reason numerous industries have been able to blossom. Luis Carlos Esquivel from the local office of the International Immigration organization said these steps in assuring migrants overall success help both them and the society receiving them. Like Morales, he said that when a country welcomes these populations with hospitality it improves the future likelihood that more will come and add to the country’s production power. María Mercedes Peñas Domingo, the wife of president-elect Luis Guillermo Solís, sat front row in attendance for the meeting. |
| John Nelson returns for an evening based on 'Romeo and Juliet' | |
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By
the A.M. Costa Rica staff
John Nelson is back as guest conductor for the Orquesta Sinfónica Nacional Friday night and Sunday morning. Nelson, a U.S. citizen who was born in Costa Rica, is here frequently. The orchestra for this performance is back at the Teatro Nacional, which has been under construction. The orchestra will not have a guest performer for these two concerts. Instead, the program includes three works inspired by "Romeo and Juliet" by William Shakespeare. The playwright's 450th birthday was this week. The first is three pieces from "Roméo et Juliette, Op. 17" by Hector Berlioz. Then there is scheduled the "Romeo and Juliet, fantasy Overture" by Piotr Ilich Tchaikovsky. The tragic romance also inspired the broadway hit "West Side Story," and the orchestra will present the music from the famous dance sequence. That was written by Leonard Bernstein. Nelson is scheduled to present two more concerts this season. This will be next month and the word will be the "passion according to St. John" by Johann Sebastian Bach. Nelson studied at the Juilliard School in New York and has conducted all over the world. He was last at the Teatro Nacional in May 2013. This is the third orchestra concert of the season. The Friday performance is at 8 p.m., and the Sunday concert is at 10:30 a.m. As always there is a range of ticket prices starting at 4,000 colons or |
![]() Orquesta Sinfónica Nacional photo
John Nelson in a rehersal this
week.about $7.40. There also are big discounts for seniors and students. Unlike the Teatro Popular Melico Salazar where the orchestra has been playing while work took place at the Teatro Nacional, the cheap seats are far more comfortable and accessible. |
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| What we published this week: | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Earlier |
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| A.M. Costa Rica's Fourth News page | |||||
| San José, Costa Rica, Thursday, April 24, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 80 | |||||
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| Alarm raised by astronauts on dangers to earth from asteroids | |
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By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Three former astronauts are sounding the alarm about the dangers the planet faces from asteroid impacts and how steps must be taken now to protect against a catastrophic asteroid strike. The three astronauts included Ed Lu, who flew into space aboard the space shuttle, as well as a Soyuz spacecraft, to and from the International Space Station. Lu also co-founded the B612 Foundation, an organization dedicated to protecting Earth from potentially disastrous asteroid strikes. The other two astronauts include Tom Jones, a veteran of four space shuttle missions and Bill Anders, who photographed the iconic Earthrise over the desolate moonscape as a member of the 1968 Apollo 8 mission. The trio also presented a new video, produced by the B612 Foundation, which graphically illustrates just how frequently the Earth is hit by asteroids. The data used to produce the video was provided by the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization Preparatory Commission, which operates a network of monitoring stations around the world that is constantly listening for the infrasound signature of a nuclear detonation. The video shows that in the years 2000 through 2013, there were 26 explosions on Earth due to asteroid impacts. While most of the asteroids depicted in the video exploded too high in the atmosphere to do any serious damage on the ground, the amount of energy produced by the incoming asteroids was equivalent to 600 kilotons of TNT. The atomic bomb that exploded above the Japanese city of Hiroshima in 1945 had an energy impact of 15 kilotons. The largest and most destructive asteroid impact event in recent history exploded over Tunguska, Siberia in 1908, and is known simply as the Tunguska impact event. Scientists think it may have been a small asteroid or comet with an energy impact of between 5 to 15 megatons. A more recent impact involves a meteor that is thought to have been a near-Earth asteroid that exploded in an air burst over Chelyabinsk, Russia on Feb. 15, 2013. While the atmosphere absorbed most of the object’s energy, the Chelyabinsk meteor had a pre-atmospheric impact kinetic energy total that was equivalent to approximately 500 kilotons of TNT. The video also points out other recent asteroid impacts greater than |
![]() B612 Foundation graphic
Each green dot is said to
represent a dangerous asteroid20 kilotons which occurred in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, in 2009, in the Southern Ocean in 2004, and in the Mediterranean Sea in 2002. None of the asteroids involved in these explosive events were detected ahead of time by any space-based or Earth-based observatory. According to Lu, less than 10,000 of the more than one million dangerous asteroids with the potential to destroy an entire major metropolitan area have been found by existing space or terrestrially-operated observatories. “Because we don’t know where or when the next major impact will occur, the only thing preventing a catastrophe from a city-killer sized asteroid has been blind luck,” Lu said. Among the efforts planned to lessen the odds of the planet someday being struck by a catastrophic asteroid, the B612 Foundation is building the first privately funded Sentinel Space Telescope Mission. The Sentinel spacecraft is planned for launch in 2018. The infrared space telescope will scan the inner solar system, identify the current and future locations and trajectories of Earth-crossing and potentially harmful asteroids by looking for their heat signatures. According to NASA’s Near Earth Object program, about 10,912 near-Earth objects have been found. Of these near-Earth objects, 862 are asteroids with a diameter of about 1 kilometer or larger and some 1,465 of these objects have been classified as potentially hazardous asteroids. Speaking at the B612 Foundation event, astronaut Jones said that there could be 100,000 times more of these near-Earth objects out there that haven’t been discovered yet. B612 Foundation officials said that the early warning system efforts such as their Sentinel mission would give those on Earth some time to come up with a plan to prevent deadly asteroids from striking the planet. |
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| What we published this week: | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Earlier |
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| A.M. Costa Rica's Fifth news page |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Thursday, April 24, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 80 | |||||
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| Father of stowaway teenager says Allah protected his son By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
The father of a teen stowaway who survived a five-and-a-half hour flight to Hawaii this week hidden in a jetliner’s wheel well said Allah saved him from the dangers and extreme temperatures. “When I watched the analysis about the extraordinary and dangerous trip of my son on local TVs and that Allah had saved him, I thanked God and I was very happy,” Abdilahi Yusuf Abdi, who lives in Santa Clara, California, said Wednesday. Authorities have not named the teen who flew Sunday from San Jose to Maui in the wheel compartment of a Hawaiian Airlines jet and likely passed out, enduring below zero temperatures and low oxygen levels. The father identified his son as Yahya Abdi and said he is recovering in a Hawaii hospital. In Maui, the teen crawled out of the wheel well about an hour after the Boeing 767 landed and was spotted by airport workers on the tarmac. He remains in the custody of Hawaii child welfare service workers. The father said he first received the news in a phone call from the Hawaii police. “They told me that they were holding my son,” he said. “I was shocked. I wondered how my son went there.” “They tried to explain to me about the stowaway and the plane story,” the father said. “I got confused, and asked them to call the San Jose police department which later explained to me how things happened.” Abdi said his son was at home on Friday. “He was with us on Friday noon,” he said “We prayed the Friday prayers together.” According to media reports in Hawaii and California, the boy jumped a fence at San Jose International Airport shortly after 1 a.m. Sunday and remained on the tarmac for six hours without being detained by authorities. Authorities say surveillance footage shows the teen jumping the fence. The teen had argued with his family and was trying to fly out to see his mother in Somalia, unidentified law enforcement officials said. The teen reportedly told investigators that he crawled into the belly of the Hawaiian Airlines plane because it was closest to the fence. He had nothing with him but a comb, they said. When asked what forced the teen to take the risky trip, the father said: “He did not receive education when he was in Africa. Since we came here, he had learning challenges at school. He was not good at math and science, and I think he had a lot of education problems bothering him.” Media reports in California said the teen recently transferred to Santa Clara High School and fellow students described him as shy. “He was very quiet person,” his father said. “He was always busy with watching the TV and using computer. I can say he was really cool boy.” The father said his son often talked about Africa. “He was always talking about going back to Africa, where his grandparents still live,” he said. “We want to go back, but due to the current living conditions we can’t go back.” The father said that he was informed by authorities in Hawaii that the teen is going through health checks and that he would be returned home soon. World oceans and overfishing are topics of major gathering By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Officials from around the world are meeting this week to discuss protecting the world’s oceans amid climate change and overfishing. The Global Oceans Action Summit for Food Security and Blue Growth is being held in The Hague. The summit runs through Friday. Summit organizers estimate 40 percent of the world’s population lives within 100 kilometers of a coastline. Nearly 700-million people live in low-lying coastal areas just 10 meters above sea level. And 13 of the world’s 20 biggest cities are on the coast. What’s more, up to 12 percent of the population relies on oceans for their livelihood. Netherlands Agriculture Minister Sharon Dijksma is chairwoman of the oceans summit. She said, “For most of history, man has had to fight nature to survive. In this century, he is beginning to realize that in order to survive he must protect it.” She said protecting the oceans is necessary with global population expected to grow to 9 billion by 2050. “Are we really willing to stop the moral outcry that still almost one billion people go hungry to bed every day? Are we willing to stop the over exploitation of our natural resources, especially fish stocks? You, we, as global leaders, ocean practitioners, businesses, scientists, NGOs, civil society and international organizations, have to find answers to these questions the coming days.” Ms. Dijksma said that “combined action and partnerships for healthier and productive oceans can drive sustainable growth and shared prosperity.” “Let’s face the facts,” she said, “Eighty percent of all life on the planet is found in the oceans. The ocean provides a global life support system that helps regulate climate and supplies half of the planet’s oxygen needed for one in every two breaths that we take.” She added that food security cannot be maintained without sustainable fisheries. “Fish contributes 17 percent of the animal protein consumed by the world population and thus is a critical source of food with demand expected to double in the next 20 years.” The three major threats to ocean health are overfishing, habitat change and pollution. However, Ms. Dijksma says efforts to eliminate these threats often have been unsuccessful. That failure, she says, contributes to tensions between growth and conservation. World Bank President Jim Yong Kim addressed the summit with a video message, saying oceans are fundamental to life. Kim says over the past decade, the bank has increased its support for fisheries, pollution reduction and habitat conservation. In other words, support for what’s called blue growth. “For example, we’re working with Sierra Leone and Liberia to reduce illegal fishing and make catches sustainable. As a result, local communities have increased their catches by as much as 40-percent. In the Pacific, we’re partnering with several countries and regional agencies to support smart limits on tuna fishing, which could increase local revenues by $250 million each year,” he said. Also addressing the conference was Arni Mathiesen, the Food and Agriculture Organization’s assistant director-general for fisheries and aquaculture. He said, “There are many good reasons why we need to push the blue agenda forward. The health of our planet itself, our health and food security depend on how we treat the blue world. We cannot keep using marine and aquatic resources as if they were endless. And we cannot keep using our oceans as a waste pool.” He warns oceans are rapidly losing biodiversity. Many regions report a sharp rise in invasive species, threatening local marine life. He said the Food and Agriculture Organization programs aim to strengthen local fisheries to better manage and maintain fish stocks. Mathiesen said countries, agencies and organizations at the summit need first to commit and then to act. Judge lets WikiLeaks figure change his name to Chelsea By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
A Kansas judge has agreed to formally change the name of the U.S. soldier convicted of giving classified documents to WikiLeaks. Leavenworth County District Judge David King's office has confirmed he allowed Bradley Edward Manning to become Chelsea Elizabeth Manning during a brief hearing Wednesday. Manning, a former intelligence analyst, is serving a 35-year sentence at an Army prison in Kansas for leaking classified government information to the anti-secrecy website. At least two Army behavioral health specialists have diagnosed Manning with gender identity disorder. Muslims sue FBI for placing them on no-fly list as revenge By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
A lawsuit claiming the FBI violated the First Amendment rights of four Muslims by placing them on the no-fly list has been filed this week in U.S. federal court. The United States is accused of violating the rights of four Muslim men living in the United States by placing or keeping them on the no-fly list after they declined to spy on local Muslim communities in New York, New Jersey and Nebraska. Ramzi Kassem, associate professor of law at the City University of New York and supervisor of the Creating Law Enforcement and Responsibility Project, says this is a major constitutional issue. “If they don’t want to work for the FBI, they have a right to do that. If they don’t want to go into their communities, pretending to be something they are not, as informants, they have a right to decline to become informants. And if they believe that their religion prohibits them from spying on innocent people, as our clients do, they have a right to," said Kassem. Kassem says this case is precedent-setting. In the complaint to the court, the plaintiffs Muhammad Tanvir, Jameel Algibhah, Naveed Shinwari and Awais Sajjad, said the government violated their right to travel freely, and wrongly stigmatized them without justification and without due process, by placing them on the no-fly list. . Kassem told how the FBI allegedly approached each plaintiff individually. One, Awais Sajjad, says he was offered U.S. citizenship and compensation for becoming an informant. “Some of our clients were approached for questioning by the FBI. Those FBI agents would come ask them questions about their communities, not related to any specific crime. Then they would offer them the opportunity to work for the FBI as informants. Our clients would refuse and the next thing they knew they were placed on the no-fly list. The no-fly list is supposed to be about aviation safety. That is the reason the U.S. government has said it has created that list. But what we are seeing here essentially borders on extortion.," he said. The plaintiffs at different times wanted to visit family and in one case a spouse in the Middle East. The FBI would not comment on the lawsuit. Illegal immigrant exits seen two ways under Obama By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
The United States has deported about 2 million illegal immigrants in the five years since President Barack Obama took office. Some Americans say the administration is too aggressive in enforcing immigration law, while others say it's not aggressive enough. The Obama administration is removing illegal immigrants from the country in record numbers, according to Greg Chen, at the American Immigration Lawyers Association. "Those numbers, under both Presidents Bush and Obama, have increased steadily in the past decade and are currently at a real high point. So overall, it's important to recognize that the administration has been incredibly robust in its enforcement practices," said Greg Chen, from the American Immigration Lawyers Association. But overall deportation numbers are down, says Jon Feere, at the Center for Immigration Studies. "What we need to see is a serious commitment to immigration enforcement. We need to see deportation numbers actually going up, instead of going down, as they are now. But thus far, the White House just doesn't seem all that serious about immigration enforcement," said Feere. How can the same numbers be seen so differently? Because of the difference between what the government calls returns and removals. The number of returns, immigrants apprehended at the border and sent back home, has plummeted in the past decade. Meanwhile, removals, immigrants formally expelled and barred from returning, have risen to an all-time high. Feere is concerned that the combined total of returns and removals is down. "So if you're looking at this idea of removals, which is a type of deportation, the numbers do appear to be going up slightly. But if you look at overall deportation numbers, which is removals plus returns, which occur along the border, you see that the numbers are actually going down," he said. But Chen says the government is still getting tough with illegal immigrants. "The thing to recognize is that President Obama has increased the border presence and he has made the actual outcomes, the consequences of having been apprehended and deported out of the country, more severe by having a greater number of removals," he said. However, longtime immigration lawyer Jim Tom Haynes, says fewer new deportation cases are making it to immigration courts, which have far more cases than they can handle. "The cases that do get into the court are taking years to get through. So I think that you have fewer deportations now simply because the courts can't process all this work," said Haynes. Meanwhile, the debate over whether more or less enforcement is needed is likely to shape the course of legislation to reform the U.S. immigration system. It may also affect the outcome of this November's congressional elections. Texas conference highlights pressures of news business By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
The business of providing news and current affairs commentary in the United States is facing big challenges as the older audience diminishes and new digital services struggle to gain a foothold with younger people. The future of journalism may depend on the success of income diversification in media companies. Newspaper readership is in a steep decline in the United States as younger people seek news on the Internet. Newsweek magazine went exclusively digital in December 2012, but last month started printing again under its new owner, IBT Media. But IBT’s director of audience engagement, Kate Gardiner, says the print magazine’s target audience is not young. “Those people are going to be an older demographic, they are going to be wealthier, they are going to be much more engaged in international policy and economics and things like that, but our main users on social media are going to be much younger," said Ms. Gardiner. Ms. Gardiner was one of the many news company representatives promoting digital online products at the recent South by Southwest Conference in Austin, Texas. The Knight Foundation’s Michael Manness says digital journalism is still in a wild development stage. “Anyone can publish, anyone can produce, anyone can have a voice in it, so it is a lot of noise right now," said Manness. Younger people tend to grab news in short bursts, showing little patience for long format, in-depth stories. Still, Manness thinks news organizations with serious content can win them. “They may not go in depth, but they have a general sense of what is going on, so I think there is a real opportunity for news brands to build out depth, context and think about those new narratives in different ways," he said. Some online news companies have found their niche by focusing on particular issues or news beats, often on a local or state level. One of the most successful is the Texas Tribune, which covers public policy and politics in the state with funding that includes private donations and sideline business ventures. This could be a model for other news sites, according to Jake Batsell, who works under a fellowship at the Texas Tribune. He spoke via Skype. “You are basically trying to find five or six streams of revenue that almost operate as mini-businesses that collectively combine to generate enough revenue to keep you in business," said Batsell. The Texas Tribune has won acclaim for its stories and is slowly building a statewide audience through what Batsell says is integrity based on financial diversity. “If a donor were to try to exert influence and control the news content, they have more backing and more standing to go back to that person and say, ‘Here is your donation back,'" he said. Batsell says such news organizations keep a watchful eye on government, but their effectiveness ultimately relies on a large audience among the citizens whose interests they serve. Gross says he may leave Cuba perhaps as corpse By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
The lawyer for Alan Gross, the American subcontractor jailed in Cuba, says his client aims to return to the United States within a year dead or alive. Speaking to reporters Wednesday in Havana after visiting Gross, attorney Scott Gilbert said his client has lost some vision in his right eye, walks with a limp due to hip problems, has lost a tooth and is 50 kilograms lighter than at the time of his arrest. According to Gilbert, Gross had said his 65th birthday, which occurs May 2, will be the last birthday that he celebrates in Havana, "one way or the other." Gross was arrested in 2009 after he was caught setting up hard-to-detect Internet networks under a U.S. government contract. Cuba considers such programs to be an affront to its sovereignty. Gross was tried, convicted and sentenced to 15 years in prison for crimes against the state. U.S. State Department spokeswoman Jen Psaki said U.S. officials are extremely concerned about Gross' case. Gilbert urged Washington to do more to free Gross, who has specifically asked for President Barack Obama to become personally involved with the case. Rio slum dwellers riot over death of TV dancer By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Residents of a Rio de Janeiro slum rioted and clashed with police late Tuesday in reaction to the death of a popular local figure. The violence broke out in the Brazilian's city's Pavao-Pavaozinho favela, perched in the hills overlooking the famed Copacabana oceanside tourist attraction. Residents set fires throughout the neighborhood and threw bottles on the streets, forcing police to shut down traffic heading into Copacabana. The violence also spilled over into nearby Ipanema, another Rio tourist attraction. Local news outlets say at least one person was killed in Tuesday's violence. The rioting was sparked after word spread that the body of Douglas Rafael da Silva Pereira, a dancer on Brazil's Globo television network, had been discovered in the favela. Residents blame the 25-year-old's death on police, who have launched a pacification effort to rid Rio's slums of notorious drug gangs as the city prepares to host the World Cup in June and the 2016 Summer Olympics. Rio de Janeiro has been plagued by protests over the last several months by residents who have accused the government of neglecting public services such as transportation, health care and education, in favor of projects related to the upcoming World Cup and the 2016 Olympics. Oldest Major League player dies at 102 in Cuban home By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Conrado Marrero, the oldest living professional baseball player, has died in his native Cuba at age 102. Marrero's grandson on Wednesday confirmed the death, which came just two days before the centenarian's 103rd birthday. Known as Connie Marrero in the United States, the diminutive, 1.65-meter, 72-kilogram pitcher was renowned for his control and presence, in a long and storied career that began in Sagua la Grande, 350 kilometers east of Havana. He went on to pitch for a string of Cuban and Mexican teams, including Cuba's national team, before making his U.S. Major League debut in 1950 at 39, an age when most players have retired or plan to leave the game. In a recent interview the cigar-chomping Marrero was fond of recounting career highlights that included pitching against Major League Hall of Famers, such as Mickey Mantle, Ted Williams and Larry Doby. In five years with the Washington, D.C., Senators, Marrero compiled a 39-40 record, with 297 strikeouts. He was named to the American League All Star team in 1951. Cut by the Senators four years later, he returned to Cuba to play for the Havana Sugar Kings and retired in 1957. He was honored by the Cuban government as a Hero of the Republic of Cuba in 1999. Past age 100, Marrero was blind and confined to a wheelchair, with hearing and speech difficulties. Reporters say he spent much of that time listening to Cuban baseball on the radio, often chewing on a cigar and always ready to reminisce about his Major League career. Mandela given full credit for pact ending apartheid By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
The 20th anniversary of the end of South Africa's despised apartheid regime falls on Sunday. It came about in a surprising way: not by violence or revolution, but through compromise and negotiation. Two prominent South Africans who were at the forefront of the discussions and on opposite sides of the negotiating table say it was the courageous act of one man, Nelson Mandela, who made that possible. What would lead to the end of apartheid began secretly, with informal talks in the 1980s between Mandela, then a prisoner at Robben Island, and members of South Africa’s intelligence service. Mandela had by then spent more than two decades in prison for fighting white racist rule. Mandela later wrote that he made a unilateral decision to reach out to the apartheid government he had spent his life fighting. It was possibly the most astute political decision of his life, leading to the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize and later, his election as the nation’s first black president. Dave Steward, the executive director of the F.W. De Klerk Foundation, said Mandela’s move was not welcomed by his more militant colleagues in the African National Congress, but was nonetheless the right move. Aside from ending the racist system, the move showed that the ANC was a mature political force that could be taken seriously. At the time, Steward was the chief of staff for de Klerk, the South African president who participated in the later part of the talks and shared the Nobel prize with Mandela. “I think that the role played by Nelson Mandela at this juncture was extremely important. Sitting at Pollsmoor Prison, he reached the conclusion, by himself and often against the advice and wishes of his colleagues, that there was not going to be an armed or military outcome to the struggle in South Africa, that there would have to be a negotiated solution... I think it took a lot of courage and insight on the part of Nelson Mandela to take that decision. The results, I think, speak for themselves. He was, I think, way ahead of the rest of the ANC in realizing and accepting that there could only be a negotiated settlement,” said Steward. Anti-apartheid activist Jay Naidoo said that only Mandela had the credentials to pull off such an unpopular move within the ANC. Naidoo was then head of the nation’s largest trade union coalition. “The apartheid regime could not defeat us and we could not defeat them. We were at a stalemate. The alternative was a scorched earth. So in that context, leaders rose on both sides of the conflict to say, ‘How do we lay the basis for a peaceful settlement?’ And there was no better person to lead our side than Nelson Mandela, someone who had spent 27 years in jail for our freedom,” said Naidoo. Naidoo also said that while Mandela’s participation was critical, the movement was aided by many star negotiators from the trade union movement. Those include Mandela's successor, Thabo Mbeki, and the ANC's deputy president, Cyril Ramaphosa. “We had a whole decade of negotiations on very tough and adversarial issues before the political negotiation process started. So I think generally speaking, the environment and the conditions for negotiations towards a peaceful settlement of the racial question and apartheid issues in South Africa, was led in very different places,” said Naidoo. Steward said that once negotiations started, Mandela came out swinging, a tactic that might have failed with a different adversary. “In fact, some of his attacks on de Klerk were quite brutal... These issues could have led to serious complications in the negotiating process if different personalities were involved. If P.W. Botha, for example, had been the leader of the National Party at that stage, well, that would have been the end of it. He wouldn’t have tolerated attacks of that nature. But de Klerk, had a, I think, a much longer term view. He wasn’t particularly concerned, although he was angered at the time, by the vitriolic attack. But he realized that the really important thing was to get the negotiations underway. So he just rolled with the punches, so to speak,” explained Steward. Both men also cited two other factors that often come up in discussions about Mandela: his outsized charisma and his humility. It was that rare combination, they said, that allowed this most unusual man to take a brave step that changed the world around him. Digital divide reported to be growing, says index By
the A.M. Costa Rica wire services
Cornell University and the World Economic Forum have released their 13th Global Information Technology Report 2014. It ranks 148 of the world’s nations according to how effectively they use information and communication technology to increase their global economic competitiveness. For several years, Western nations have dominated the top spots in the report’s Networked Readiness Index. It compares nations according to their degree of Internet connectivity, the ease of access by businesses, governments and individuals, and other factors. Finland, Singapore, Sweden, the Netherlands and Norway occupied the first five spots, while Switzerland, the United States, Hong Kong, Britain and South Korea were next. Researchers also discovered that the gap between emerging and developed economies has widened, not narrowed, over the past year, even though access to technology like mobile phones and personal computers has vastly increased in the developing world over the same period. “It’s not just the question of whether you have a mobile phone,” said Cornell University’s Soumitra Dutta, who co-founded the report, and co-edited this year’s edition. "But does the environment in the country, does the educational system in the country, does the political and business environment in the country support the use of technology to create new economic value?" Some countries maintained their position or moved up slightly in their relative ranking. But that simply isn’t good enough in today’s world of information technology, according to Jeff Campbell of Cisco, a multinational corporation specializing in computer networking. “Everybody is improving their infrastructure," he said. "Everybody is improving their business utilization and their government utilization of technology, and the countries that aren’t running fast aren’t going to keep up with everybody else. It’s very real because this is about competitiveness for the future, not only in the IT industry, but also in everything." Campbell pointed to the growing so-called Internet of Things in which computers connect and direct tools in physical, non-cyber domains, such as farming, "where you can use sensors in agriculture that will be in the fields that will tell you how much moisture there is in the soil, how much nitrogen, whether you need to re-fertilize, whether you need to water.” Campbell added that, in a world with less water, using the water resources and agriculture more efficiently will provide higher yields and lower costs and be better for the environment. “That takes technology. Places that adapt, that are going to be more efficient and more effective, it’s going to improve their economy and change that world,” he said. Campbell said this applies to the factory as well as the farm. “If you can use data and sensors about where your inventory is, where your orders are coming from in order to automatically ensure you have the right supplies to manufacture in the right ways, you’re going to be more efficient and you’re going to win in the marketplace globally.” The report also found disparities within regions and even within nations. This also was true within large economies like the U.S., where the economic disparity between people working in high-tech businesses and those in traditional jobs has generally widened. |
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| San José, Costa Rica, Thursday, April 24, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 80 | |||||||||
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![]() University of Massachusetts Amherst photo
Procerusternarchus
pixuna, the new species collected in shallow tributaries of the
upper Negro river, a tributary of the Amazon River in Brazil.Another electric fish found in tributary of Amazon University
of Massachusetts Amherst news service
Scientists at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia in Brazil, this week report that they have discovered a new genus and species of electric knifefish in several tributaries of the Negro River in the Amazonia State of Brazil. Cristina Cox Fernandes at the University of Massachusetts with Adília Nogueira and José Antônio Alves-Gomes of the Brazilian institute describe the new bluntnose knifefish in the current issue of the journal Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Their paper offers details about the new genus and species’ anatomy, range, relationship to other fish, salient features of its skeleton, coloration, electric organs and patterns of electric organ discharge. True to their name, these fish produce electric discharges in distinct pulses that can be detected by some other fish. Ms. Cox Fernandes says the discovery of this species is leading to a new interpretation of classifications and interrelationships among closely related groups. She adds that as the diversity of electric fish becomes more thoroughly documented, researchers will be able to explore possible causes of this group’s adaptive radiation over evolutionary time. Last year, with colleagues including ichthyologist John Lundberg at the Academy of Science in Philadelphia and others at Cornell University and the Brazilian institute, the fish biologist co-authored a description of three other electric fish. The authors provided details about the most abundant species of apteronotid, so-called ghost knife fish, another family of electric fish very common in the Amazon River and its large tributaries. In the early 1990s, Ms. Cox Fernandes recalls, when she began her studies of the communities and diversity of electric fish, fewer than 100 species were then scientifically described. But with the current journal article and studies by herself and others, the number has roughly doubled today. Electric fish are of little commercial importance, but in her opinion fish of the neotropics, especially in the Amazon, are still under studied, and more taxonomic studies such as the one are needed. She adds, “As environmental changes affect rivers worldwide and in the Amazon region, freshwater fauna are under many different pressures. Fish populations are dwindling due to the pollution, climate change, the construction of hydroelectric plants and other factors that result in habitat loss and modification. As such the need to document the current fish fauna has become all the more pressing.” |
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| From Page 7: New securities law to be proposed By the A.M. Costa Rica staff
The executive branch will submit to the legislature a proposed law to cover the country's security market. That was announced Wednesday by the Banco Central. The details of the bill are not yet known, but the central bank said that the proposed Ley Reguladora del Mercado de Valores would seek to give investors a better idea of the risks involved and to clearly define the role of various participants. The current law has been on the books since 1998 and has become insufficient to keep up with the transformation of the country, said the central bank. The goal also is to further integrate the Costa Rican securities market with that of the world, said the bank. |